4,4-Difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative or salt thereof

ABSTRACT

A novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, which is useful as an agent for treating or preventing nocturia and/or diabetes insipidus, is provided.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a medicament, particularly a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative or a salt thereof useful as a therapeutic agent for central diabetes insipidus and nocturia, and a medicament which uses said compound as the active ingredient.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a peptide consisting of 9 amino acids which is biosynthesized and secreted in the hypothalamo-pituitary system. The receptor of AVP is classified into three subtypes V_(1a), V_(1b) and V₂, and a V_(1a) receptor-mediated constriction action and a V₂ receptor-mediated antidiuretic action are known as the main pharmacological actions of AVP in the peripheral system. As a V₂ receptor-selective agonist, a peptide desmopressin (prepared by deleting amino group of the 1-position cysteine of AVP, and converting the 8-position arginine into d form) has been synthesized and used for the treatment of central diabetes insipidus (Non-patent Reference 1). However, since bioavailability of oral preparations of desmopressin is considerably low, a high dose is necessary for obtaining its effect. Thus, the desmopressin preparations are expensive, and generation of side effects based on the variation of absorption among individuals is observed in some cases. Accordingly, concern has been directed toward the development of a non-peptide antidiuretic agent which selectively stimulates V₂ receptor and has high bioavailability.

On the other hand, accompanied by the diversification of medical treatment and advance of age, single use of a drug became rather rare, and in many cases, two or more drugs are administered simultaneously or intermittently. This is the same in the field of AVP receptor agonists. Drugs are inactivated and converted into metabolites by undergoing the action of drug metabolizing enzymes, and the most important among these drug metabolizing enzymes is cytochrome P450 (CYP). A large number of molecular species exists in CYP, and when two or more drugs which are metabolized by CYP of the same molecular species compete on the metabolizing enzyme, it is considered that they undergo a certain metabolic inhibition, though it varies depending on the affinity of the drugs for CYP. As a result, increase of blood concentration, prolongation of blood half-life and the like drug interactions are expressed.

Such drug interactions are undesirable actions except for the case in which they are used aiming at the additive action or synergistic action, because they sometimes cause unexpected side effects. Thus, concern has been directed toward the creation of a medicament which has a low affinity for CYP and a small possibility of causing drug interactions.

Up to now, tricyclic compounds represented by a general formula (A), a general formula (B) and a general formula (C) are known as non-peptide compounds which are V₂ receptor-selective agonists and show antidiuretic action (Patent Reference 1, Patent Reference 2, Patent Reference 3).

(See said patent references for signs in the formulae.)

Also, a condensed azepine derivative represented by a general formula (D) is known as a V₂ receptor-selective agonist (Patent Reference 4).

(See said patent reference for signs in the formula.)

In addition, benzazepine derivatives represented by a general formula (E) (Patent Reference 5, Patent Reference 6) and benzo-hetero ring compounds represented by a general formula (F) or a general formula (G) (Patent Reference 7, Patent Reference 8, Patent Reference 9) are known as V₂ receptor-selective agonists.

(See said patent references for signs in the formulae.)

However, there is no description in any of these patent references regarding the 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative of the invention.

Also, though 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative having antagonism for the AVP receptor or oxytocin receptor are known, nothing is known about their relation to V₂ receptor agonistic action, central diabetes insipidus and nocturia (Patent Reference 10, Patent Reference 11, Patent Reference 12). In this connection, Patent Reference 10 and Patent Reference 12 does not disclose the 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative of the invention in which CF₃ or halogen is substituted to the 2-position benzoyl substituting on the 1-position of benzazepine. In addition, Patent Reference 11 discloses only a compound in which an aromatic ring is directly bonded to a heteroaryl group bonding to the carbonyl substituting on the 1-position of benzazepine, but does not disclose the 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative of the invention in which the ring bonding to the carbonyl substituting on the 1-position of benzazepine has —O—, —S—, —NH— or a substituent group containing —N(lower alkyl)-.

Under such a situation, great concern has been directed toward the development of a non-peptide antidiuretic agent having high bioavailability, for the purpose of treating central diabetes insipidus and/or nocturia.

[Non-patent Reference 1] Journal of Japan Endocrine Society, 54, 676-691,

[Patent Reference 1] International Publication No. 99/06409

[Patent Reference 2] International Publication No. 99/06403

[Patent Reference 3] International Publication No. 00/46224

[Patent Reference 4] International Publication No. 01/49682

[Patent Reference 5] International Publication No. 97/22591

[Patent Reference 6] Japanese Patent No. 2926335

[Patent Reference 7] Japanese Patent No. 3215910

[Patent Reference 8] Japanese Patent publication JP-A-11-349570

[Patent Reference 9] Japanese Patent publication JP-A-2000-351768

[Patent Reference 10] International Publication No. 95/06035

[Patent Reference 11] International Publication No. 98/39325

[Patent Reference 12] Japanese Patent publication JP-A-9-221475

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present inventors have conducted intensive studies on a compound having V₂ receptor agonistic action, from which effectiveness for central diabetes insipidus and/or nocturia can be expected, and found that a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative has excellent said effect, thereby accomplishing the invention. In addition, it was found that the compound of the invention has markedly low inhibitory activity upon drug metabolizing enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 in comparison with conventionally known benzazepine derivatives having V₂ receptor agonistic action.

That is, according to the invention, there are provided a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative represented by the following general formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof which is useful as a therapeutic agent for central diabetes insipidus and/or nocturia; and a medicament which uses any one of these compounds as an active ingredient; particularly the aforementioned medicament which is an arginine vasopressin V₂ receptor agonist; and the aforementioned medicament which is a nocturia treating agent or a central diabetes insipidus treating agent.

[Signals in the formula mean as follows R¹: amino which may be substituted, —OH or -lower alkyl, R²: CF₃ or halogen, R³: H or halogen, a, b: each represents single bond or double bond, wherein one is single bond and the other is double bond, —X—:

(1) —CH═CH—, —CH═N—, —N═CH—, —N═N— or —S— when a is single bond and b is double bond,

(2) —N— when a is double bond and b is single bond,

Y:

(1) CH or N when a is single bond and b is double bond,

(2) S when a is double bond and b is single bond,

-A-: —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(lower alkyl), and

B: lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, each of which may be substituted.)

The compound of the invention has a chemical structural characteristic in which it has difluoro group on the ring carbon atom adjacent to the benzazepine ring carbon atom where a substituted methylidene group is substituted, which is completely different from the structures of conventionally known V₂ receptor-selective agonists. In this connection, since the compound of the invention has difluoro group, the double bond conjugated to carbonyl group is not isomerized, so that it has sufficient stability within an organism.

Among these compounds, preferred are novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivatives represented by the aforementioned general formula (I) in which R¹ is a group represented by a formula (II), a formula (III), —OH or —O-lower alkyl, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and preferred among them is a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivatives represented by the aforementioned general formula (I) in which R¹ is a group represented by the formula (II) or the formula (III), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

[Signs in the formulae mean as follows Z¹: single bond, lower alkylene or -lower alkylene-C(═O)—, R¹¹: lower alkyl which may be substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl and carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, or —H, R¹²:

(1) when Z¹ represents single bond or lower alkylene, —H, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, aryl which may be substituted, cycloalkyl which may be substituted, aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted,

(2) when Z¹ represents -lower alkylene-C(═O)—, a group represented by the formula (III) or a formula (IV)

[signs in the formula mean as follows Z²: single bond or lower alkylene, and R¹⁵: —H, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyl, aryl which may be substituted, cycloalkyl which may be substituted, aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, R¹³, R¹⁴: together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, non-aromatic cyclic amino group.]

More desirable is a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative represented by the aforementioned general formula (I), wherein R¹ is a group represented by the formula (II) or formula (III); a is single bond; b is double bond; —X—is —CH═CH—; and —Y— is

—CH—, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Further desirable is a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative represented by the aforementioned general formula (I), wherein R¹ is a group represented by the formula (II); a is single bond; b is double bond; —X— is —CH═CH—; and —Y— is —CH—, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Particularly desirable is a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative represented by the aforementioned general formula (I), wherein R¹ is a group represented by the formula (II); a is single bond; b is double bond; —X— is —CH═CH—; —Y— is —CH—; and -A- is —O—, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Most desirable is a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative represented by the aforementioned general formula (I), wherein R¹ is a group represented by the formula (II); a is single bond; b is double bond; —X— is —CH═CH—;

—Y— is —CH—, -A- is —O—; and

—B is lower alkyl which may be substituted, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Among them, a novel 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine derivative wherein R² is trifluoromethyl; and R³ is —H or —F, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, is particularly desirable.

Particularly desirable compounds among these compounds are compounds selected from the group consisting of a compound group P and a compound group Q, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and preferred among them are compounds selected from the compound group P, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.

In this case, the “compound group P” is a group consisting of

-   (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, -   (2Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, -   (2Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, -   (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, -   3-[((2Z)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide,     and -   (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide,     and the “compound group Q” is a group consisting of -   (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, -   (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, -   (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, -   (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, -   (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4,7-trifluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, -   (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, -   (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, -   (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, -   3-[((2Z)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, -   (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, -   3-[((2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4,7-trifluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, -   (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide,     and -   (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide.

In this connection, regarding R¹, the group represented by the aforementioned formula (II) or the aforementioned formula (III) is desirable; the group represented by the aforementioned formula (II), wherein Z¹ is single bond, R¹² is —H and R¹¹ is lower alkyl which may be substituted, is further desirable; and the group represented by the aforementioned formula (II), wherein Z¹ is single bond, R¹² is —H and R¹¹ is lower alkyl which may be substituted with one or more substituent groups selected from a group consisting of —OH and carbamoyl, is particularly desirable.

Also, regarding R², trifluoromethyl or chloro is desirable; and trifluoromethyl is particularly desirable.

Also, regarding R³, —H or fluoro is desirable; and —H or 7-fluoro is particularly desirable.

Also, regarding a, b, —X— and —Y—, it is desirable that a is single bond, b is double bond, —X— is —CH═CH—, and —Y— is —CH—.

Also, —O— is desirable as -A-.

In addition, regarding —B, lower alkyl which may be substituted is desirable; and lower alkyl which may be substituted with F is particularly desirable.

The following further describes the compound of the invention.

In this description, the “lower alkyl” means a monovalent group of straight or branched C₁₋₆ carbon chain, and its illustrative examples include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl and hexyl, and isopropyl, tert-butyl and the like structural isomers thereof, preferably a C₁₋₄ alkyl methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and isobutyl.

The “lower alkylene” means a divalent group of straight or branched C₁₋₆ carbon chain, and its illustrative examples include methylene, ethylene, trimethylene, methylmethylene, methylethylene, dimethylmethylene and the like.

The “lower alkenyl” means a monovalent group of straight or branched C₂₋₆ carbon chain having at least one double bond, and its illustrative examples include vinyl, allyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 1-hexenyl, and 3-hexenyl, 2-methylallyl and the like structural isomers thereof, of which allyl and 2-methyl-1-propen-3-yl are preferable.

The “lower alkynyl” means a monovalent group of straight or branched C₂₋₆ carbon chain having at least one triple bond, and its illustrative examples include ethynyl, propargyl, 1-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-hexynyl, and 3-hexynyl, 3-methyl-1-butynyl and the like structural isomers thereof, of which propargyl and 1-butyn-4-yl are preferred.

The “cycloalkenyl” means a monovalent group of C₃₋₈ non-aromatic hydrocarbon ring which may partially have a unsaturated bond, and its illustrative examples include cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclooctyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclooctanedienyl and the like.

The “aryl” means a monovalent group of monocyclic to tricyclic C₆₋₁₄ aromatic hydrocarbon ring, and its illustrative examples include phenyl, naphthyl and the like, of which phenyl is preferably.

The “aromatic hetero ring” means a monovalent group of monocyclic to tricyclic aromatic ring having hetero atom(s) such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur or the like, and its illustrative examples include pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, thiazolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, isothiazolyl, isooxazolyl, imidazolyl and the like, of which pyridyl is preferred.

The “non-aromatic hetero ring” means a monovalent group of 5- to 7-membered ring having hetero atom(s) such as nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur or the like, which may partially have an unsaturated bond and may be condensed with aryl or aromatic hetero ring, and its illustrative examples include pyrrolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, azepinyl, morphonyl, thiomorphonyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydrothienyl and the like, of which pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl and morphonyl are preferable.

The “non-aromatic cyclic amino group” means a monovalent group of 3- to 10-membered non-aromatic cyclic amine, preferably 5- to 7-membered non-aromatic cyclic amine, having nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, which may partially have an unsaturated bond, and its illustrative examples include pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, azepinyl, morphonyl, thiomorphonyl, piperazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, dihydropyrrolyl and the like, of which pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl and morphonyl are preferred.

The “halogen” means a monovalent group of halogen atom, and its illustrative examples include fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo and the like.

According to this description, the acceptable substituent group regarding the term “which may be substituted” may be any substituent group which is generally used as the substituent group of respective group, and each group may have one or more substituent groups.

Regarding the “amino which may be substituted” in R¹, the groups represented by the aforementioned general formulae (II) and (III) can be illustratively exemplified.

The groups shown by the following (a) to (h) can be exemplified as acceptable substituent groups of “cycloalkyl which may be substituted” and “aryl which may be substituted” in B; “aryl which may be substituted”, “cycloalkyl which may be substituted”, “aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted” and “non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted” in R¹² and R¹⁵; and “non-aromatic amino group which may be substituted” in R¹³ and R¹⁴. In this connection, R^(Z) represents a lower alkyl which may be substituted with one or more groups selected from the class consisting of —OH, —O-lower alkyl, amino which may be substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl, aryl, aromatic hetero ring and halogen.

(a) Halogen;

(b) —OH, —O—R^(Z), —O-aryl, —OCO—R^(Z), oxo (═O);

(c) —SH, —S—R^(Z), —S-aryl, —SO—R^(Z), —SO-aryl, —SO₂—R^(Z), —SO₂-aryl, sulfamoyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 R^(Z);

(d) amino which may be substituted with 1 or 2 R^(Z), —NHCO—R^(Z), —NHCO-aryl, —NHSO₂—R^(Z), —NHSO₂-aryl, nitro;

(e) —HO, —CO—R^(Z), —CO₂H, —CO₂—R^(Z), carbamoyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 R^(Z), cyano;

(f) aryl or cycloalkyl which may be respectively substituted with one or more groups selected from the class consisting of —OH, —O-lower alkyl, amino which may be substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl, aryl, aromatic hetero ring, halogen and R^(Z);

(g) aromatic hetero ring or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be respectively substituted with one or more groups selected from the class consisting of —OH, —O-lower alkyl, amino which may be substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with 1 or 2 lower alkyl, aryl, aromatic hetero ring, halogen and R^(Z); and

(h) lower alkyl or lower alkenyl which may be respectively substituted with one or more groups selected from the substituent groups shown in the aforementioned (a) to (g).

The groups shown in the aforementioned (a) to (g) can be exemplified as the acceptable substituent groups of “lower alkyl which may be substituted”, “lower alkenyl which may be substituted” and “lower alkynyl which may be substituted” in B.

Depending on the kind of substituent groups, compounds of the invention represented by the general formula (I) sometimes contain asymmetric carbon atom, and optical isomers based thereon can be present therein. All of the mixtures and isolates of these optical isomers are included in the invention. Also, tautomers are present in the compounds of the invention in some cases, and isolates or mixtures of these isomers are included in the invention.

Also, the compounds of the invention sometimes form salts, and such salts are included in the invention with the proviso that they are pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Their illustrative examples include acid addition salts with hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid phosphoric acid and the like inorganic acids or with formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and the like organic acids, salts with inorganic bases including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium and the like metals or with methylamine, ethylamine, ethanolamine, lysine, ornithine and the like organic bases, ammonium salts and the like. In addition, various hydrates, solvates and substances having polymorphism of the compounds of the invention and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are also included in the invention. In this connection, all of the compounds which are converted into compounds having the aforementioned general formula (I) or salts thereof by undergoing metabolism in the living body, so-called prodrugs, are also included in the invention. Regarding groups which form prodrugs of the invention, the groups described in Prog. Med., 5; 2157-2161, 1985 and the groups described in “Iyakuhin no Kaihatsu” (Development of Medicines), vol. 7, Bunshi Sekkei (Molecular Design), pp. 163-198, published in 1990 by Hirokawa Shoten can be exemplified.

(Production Methods)

The compounds of the invention and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be produced by employing various conventionally known synthesis methods, making use of characteristics based on their basic nuclei or the kind of substituent groups. Typical production methods are exemplified in the following. In this connection, depending on the kind of functional group, it is effective in some cases, in view of production techniques, to replace said functional group with an appropriate protecting group, namely a group which is easily converted into said functional group, at a stage of from the materials to intermediates. Thereafter, the compound of interest can be obtained by removing the protecting group as occasion demands. Examples of such a functional group include hydroxyl group, carboxy group, amino group and the like, and the protecting groups described in “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (3rd Edition)” edited by Greene and Wuts can be exemplified as their protecting groups which may be optionally used in response to the reaction conditions. <Intermediate Production Method>

(In the reaction scheme, R², a, b, X, Y and A are as defined in the foregoing; Lv represents a leaving group; B¹ represents the aforementioned B or a protecting group of hydroxyl group, amino group or sulfanil group; R^(a) represents caboxyl group, a lower alkyl oxycarbonyl group or cyano group. The same shall apply hereinafter.)

This production method is a method in which the compound (c) is produced by substituting leaving group Lv of the compound (a) by the compound (b), and then the compound (d) is produced therefrom by carrying out hydrolysis of the same as occasion demands.

(First Step)

Examples of the leaving group Lv in the compound (a) include fluoro, chloro, methanesulfonyloxy, p-toluenesulfonyloxy and trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy, of which fluoro, chloro and methanesulfonyloxy are preferred.

The reaction can be carried out at room temperature to heating under reflux using the compound (a) and compound (b) in equimolar amounts or one of them in an excess amount, without solvent or in a reaction inert solvent such as benzene, toluene, xylene or the like aromatic hydrocarbons; diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dioxane or the like ethers; dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform or the like halogenated hydrocarbons; N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF); dimethylacetamide (DMA); N-methylpyrrolidone; dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); ethyl acetate (EtOAc) or the like esters; acetonitrile or the like, or in methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), 2-propanol (iPrOH) or the like alcohols. Depending on the compound, it is advantageous in some cases to carry out the reaction in the presence of an organic base (preferably triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N-methylmorpholine, pyridine or 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine) or a metal salt base (preferably potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium hydroxide or sodium hydride).

(Second Step)

The reaction can be carried out by treating the compound (c) under cooling to heating under reflux, in a solvent inert to the reaction such as an aromatic hydrocarbon, an ether, a halogenated hydrocarbon, an alcohol solvent, DMF, DMA, DMSO, pyridine, water or the like in the presence of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid or the like mineral acid, formic acid, acetic acid or the like organic acid or sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, ammonia or the like base. <First Production Method>

(In the reaction scheme, R¹ is as defined in the foregoing, and R^(b) represents a lower alkyl. The same shall apply hereinafter.)

This production method is a method in which a compound (1b) is produced by condensing the compound (d) produced in the aforementioned intermediate production method with a compound (1a), a compound (1c) is produced by hydrolyzing the former and then the product is condensed with a compound (1d), thereby producing the compound (I) of the invention in which B¹ is B or a compound (1e) in which B¹ is hydroxyl group, amino group or sulfanil group.

(First Step)

The compound (d) can be used in the reaction as free acid, but its reactive derivative can also be used in the reaction. Examples of the reactive derivative of compound (d) include methyl ester, ethyl ester, tert-butyl ester or the like general ester; acid chloride, acid bromide or the like acid halide; acid azide; active ester with N-hydroxybenzotriazole, p-nitrophenol, N-hydroxysuccinimide or the like; symmetric acid anhydride; mixed acid anhydride with alkyl carbonate halide or the like halocarboxylic acid alkyl ester, pivaloyl halide, p-toluenesulfonic acid chloride or the like; mixed acid anhydride such as a phosphoric acid system mixed acid anhydride obtained by reacting with diphenylphosphoryl chloride and N-methylmorpholine, and the like.

When the compound (d) is allowed to undergo the reaction as free acid, or an active ester is allowed to undergo the reaction without isolation, it is desirable to use a condensing agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 1,1′-carbonylbis-1H-imidazole (CDI), diphenylphosphoryl azide (DPPA), diethylphosphoryl cyanide, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (WSCD) or the like.

According to the invention, an acid chloride method, a method in which the reaction is carried out in the coexistence of an active esterification agent and a condensing agent and a method in which a general ester is treated with amine are particularly convenient, because the compound of the invention can be obtained conveniently and easily.

Though it varies depending on the reactive derivative and condensing agent to be used, the reaction is carried out under cooling, under cooling to room temperature or under room temperature to heating, in a reaction inert solvent such as a halogenated hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, an ether, an ester, acetonitrile, DMF, DMSO or the like.

In this connection, it is advantageous in some cases in smoothly progressing the reaction to use the compound (1a) in an excess amount in carrying out the reaction, or to carry out the reaction in the presence of a base such as N-methylmorpholine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, pyridine, 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine, picoline, rutidine or the like. In addition, a salt consisting of pyridine hydrochloride, pyridine p-toluenesulfonate, N,N-dimethylaniline hydrochloride or the like weak base and a strong acid may be used. Pyridine can also be used as a solvent.

Particularly, it is suitable to carry out the reaction in acetonitrile, DMF or the like solvent in the presence of pyridine, N,N-dimethylaniline or the like base or pyridine hydrochloride or the like salt.

(Second Step)

The reaction can be carried out in accordance with the second step of the intermediate production method.

(Third Step)

The reaction can be carried out in accordance with the first step of the first production method.

The compound (1e) can be made into the compound (I) of the invention by removing the protecting group as occasion demands or further introducing a necessary side chain in accordance with a general method. Introduction of the necessary side chain can also be carried out in accordance with the third step of the following second production method. <Second Production Method>

This production method is a method in which a compound (2a) is produced by condensing a compound (dd) produced by the aforementioned intermediate production method, wherein B² is not B, with a compound (1a), a compound (2b) is produced by removing the protecting group B², a compound (2f) is produced by condensing with a compound (2c) or (2d), a compound (2f) is produced by hydrolyzing it, and then the compound (I) of the invention is produced by condensing with a compound (1d).

(First Step)

This reaction can be carried out in accordance with the first step of the first production method.

(Second Step)

As the protecting group of hydroxyl group, amino group or sulfanil group, the protecting groups described in the aforementioned “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (3rd Edition)” can be exemplified. The reaction can be carried out in accordance with the method described in “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis (3rd Edition)”.

Particularly, when benzyl group is used as the protecting group of hydroxyl group, a method in which benzyl group is removed by allowing pentamethylbenzene to react therewith in a strongly acidic solution such as trifluoroacetic acid or the like can also be used.

(Third Step)

As the leaving group Lv in the compound (2c), chloro, bromo, iodo, methanesulfonyloxy, p-toluenesulfonyloxy and trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy can for example be cited, of which bromo, methanesulfonyloxy and p-toluenesulfonyloxy are preferable.

Regarding the reaction which uses the compound (2c), a general alkylation reaction can be used, and preferably, it can be carried out using the compound (2b) and compound (2c) under cooling, under cooling to room temperature or under room temperature to heating in equimolar amounts or one of them in an excess amount in a reaction inert solvent such as acetonitrile, DMF, DMSO, an ether or the like, in the presence of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, cesium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or the like base.

The reaction which uses the compound (2d) can be carried out under the Mitsunobu reaction condition in an aprotic solvent reaction inert to the reaction, such as an ether, DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone or the like, in the presence of triphenylphosphine or the like organic phosphine and diethyl azodicarboxylate, diisopropyl azodicarboxylate or the like dialkyl azodicarboxylate (Synthesis, 1981, p. 1).

(Fourth Step)

This reaction can be carried out in accordance with the second step of the first production method.

(Fifth Step)

This reaction can be carried out in accordance with the first step of the first production method.

In addition, some of the compounds of the invention represented by the formula (I) can be produced from the compounds of the invention obtained by the first production method or second production method, by optionally combining conventionally known alkylation, acylation, substitution reaction, oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and the like steps which can be generally employed by those skilled in the art. Illustratively, oxidation of sulfur atom by metachloroperbenzoic acid or the like oxidizing agent, and the like can for example be cited, and such reactions carried out by employing or in accordance with the methods described in “Jikken Kagaku Koza (Experimental Chemistry Course) 4th edition” (Maruzen, 1990-1992). In addition, these steps which can be generally employed by those skilled in the art are not limited to the application to the compounds of the invention, and they can also be applied to the production intermediates. Illustratively, they can be applied, for example, to the compound obtained by the third step of the second production method, and thereafter, the next step can be carried out.

The compounds of the invention produced in this manner are isolated and purified as free compounds or salts thereof by carrying out salt formation treatment in the usual way. Isolation and purification are carried out by employing usual chemical operations such as extraction, concentration, evaporation, crystallization, filtration, recrystallization, various types of chromatography and the like.

Various isomers can be isolated in the usual way by making use of differences in physicochemical properties among isomers. For example, a racemic mixture can be converted into optically pure isomers, for example, by a general racemic body resolution method such as a method in which they are converted into diastereomer salts with tartaric acid or the like general optically active acid and then subjected to optical resolution. Also, a diastereomer mixture can be separated, for example, by fractional crystallization or various types of chromatography. In addition, an optically active compound can also be produced using an appropriate optically active material.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

The compounds of the invention have excellent agonistic activity upon arginine vasopressin V₂ receptor. Accordingly, the compounds of the invention have antidiuretic action of a profile based on this action, and are effective in preventing and/or treating urinary frequency, urinary incontinence, enuresis, central diabetes insipidus, nocturia and nocturnal enuresis. Also, in addition to these, since they have the action to release blood coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrand factor based on the V₂ receptor agonistic activity, they are useful for various bleeding conditions and useful in diagnosing, preventing and treating spontaneous hemorrhage, hemophilia, von Willebrand disease, uremia, congenital or acquired platelet dysfunction, traumatic and operation hemorrhage, hepatic cirrhosis and the like.

In addition, the compounds of the invention have markedly low inhibitory activity upon drug metabolizing enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2C9, possibility of causing drug interaction with other drugs which are metabolized via CYP3A4 or CYP2C9 is small in comparison with the conventionally known benzazepine derivatives having arginine vasopressin V₂ receptor agonistic activity, so that they are also excellent from the viewpoint that they can be safely used in the combined therapy with other medicaments.

Examples of the drugs which are metabolized by CYP3A4 include simvastatin, lovastatin, fluvastatin, midazolam, nifedipine, amlodipine, nicardipine and the like, and examples of the drugs which are metabolized by CYP2C9 include diclofenac, ibuprofen, indometacin, tolbutamide, glibenclamide, losartan and the like (Sogo Rinsho (General Clinics), 48(6), 1427-1431, 1999).

Pharmacological actions of the compounds of the invention were verified by the following test methods.

(1) V₂ Receptor Binding Test

A human V₂ expression CHO cell membrane sample was prepared in accordance with the method of Tahara et al. (British Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 125, pp. 1463-1470, 1998). A 2 μg portion of the membrane sample was incubated together with [³H]-arginine vasopressin (to be referred simply to as “[³H]-vasopressin” hereinafter) (0.5 nM, specific activity=75 Ci/mmol) and each compound to be tested (10⁻¹⁰ to 10⁻⁵ M) at 25° C. for 60 minutes in 250 μl in total volume of 50 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH=7.4) containing 10 mM MgCl₂ and 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA). Thereafter, free [³H]-vasopressin and receptor-bonded [³H]-vasopressin were separated using a cell harvester, and the receptor-bonded [³H]-vasopressin was adhered onto a uni-filter plate GF/B glass filter. After sufficient drying, this was mixed with a microplate scintillation cocktail, amount of the receptor-bonded [³H]-vasopressin was measured using top count and the inhibition ratio was calculated by the following formula. Inhibition ratio (%)=100−(C ₁ −B ₁)/(C ₀ −B ₁)×100 C₁: Amount of [³H]-vasopressin bonded to the membrane sample when [³H]-vasopressin and the receptor membrane sample are treated in the coexistence of test compound having known concentration

-   C₀: Amount of [³H]-vasopressin bonded to the membrane sample when     [³H]-vasopressin and the receptor membrane sample are treated in the     absence of test compound     B₁: Amount of [³H]-vasopressin bonded to the membrane sample when     [³H]-vasopressin and the receptor membrane sample are treated in the     coexistence of excess amount of vasopressin (10⁻⁶ M)

Concentration of each test compound by which the inhibition ratio becomes 50% (IC₅₀ value) was calculated by the aforementioned formula, and affinity of the test compound for the receptor, namely dissociation constant (Ki), was calculated from this by the following formula. Dissociation constant (Ki)=IC ₅₀/(1+[L]/Kd) [L]: Concentration of [³H]-vasopressin

Kd: Dissociation constant of [³H]-vasopressin against the receptor obtained by a saturation binding test TABLE 1 Affinity for V₂ receptor Compounds Ki (nM) Compounds Ki (nM) Example 3 11 Example 31 10 Example 9 19 Example 54 17 Example 14 18 Example 55 16 Example 24 4.3 Example 134 12 Example 46 5.8 Example 136 11 Example 98 6.2 Comparative compound 68

In this connection, the comparative compound is the compound of Example 32 described in International Publication WO 97/22591 (compound name: 2-[(5R)-1-(2-chloro-4-pyrrolidin-1-ylbenzoyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrobenzazepin-5-yl]-N-isopropylacetamide).

As shown in Table 1, it was confirmed that the compounds of the invention have high affinity for V₂ receptor.

(2) Antidiuretic Test (Intravenous Administration)

Five animals per group of male Wistar rats (10 to 12 weeks of age) were used in the test. The compound of Example 3 was intravenously administered to group A at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg, and the compound of Example 9 to group B at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg, both after dissolving in a solvent (physiological saline containing DMSO), and the solvent alone at a dose of 1 ml/kg to group C as a control, and then 30 ml/kg of distilled water was orally administered by force 15 minutes thereafter (water loading). Urine samples until 2 hours after the water loading were collected using a metabolism cage, and the amount of urine when the water loading amount was defined as 100% was calculated as the urine excretion ratio. In this connection, average value of the urine excretion ratio until after 1 hour and the urine excretion ratio until after 2 hours in each group was used in the evaluation. The results are shown in Table 2. TABLE 2 Antidiuretic effects (intravenous administration) Urine excretion ratio (%) Compounds After 1 hour After 2 hours Group A Example 3 1.3 6.2 Group B Example 9 0 5.3 Group C Solvent 64.0 80.0

As shown in Table 2, it was revealed that the compounds of the invention have excellent antidiuretic effects.

(3) Antidiuretic Test (Oral Administration)

Male Wistar rats (10 to 12 weeks of age) were used in the test. Each compound to be tested was orally administered, and then 30 ml/kg of distilled water was orally administered by force 15 minutes thereafter (water loading). Urine samples until 4 hours after the water loading were collected using a metabolism cage, and the amount of urine when the water loading amount was defined as 100% was calculated as the urine excretion ratio. In this connection, the dose each test compound necessary for reducing 50% of the urine excretion ratio (ED₅₀) was used in the evaluation. As a result, it was revealed that the compounds of the invention show excellent antidiuretic action not only by intravenous administration but also by oral administration.

(4) Cytochrome P450 (3A4) Enzyme Inhibition Test

This test was carried out in accordance with the method of Crespi et al. (Analytical Biochemistry, 248, 188-190, 1997).

Using a 96 well plate, 7-benzyloxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)cumarin as the substrate (5×10⁻⁵ M), each test compound (from 4.9×10⁻⁸ to 5×10⁻⁵ M) and the enzyme (5×10⁻⁹ M) were incubated at 37° C. for 30 minutes in 200 μl in total volume of 200 mM phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) containing 8.2 μM NADP+, 0.41 mM glucose-6-phosphate, 0.41 mM MgCl₂ and 0.4 units/ml glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Thereafter, the reaction was stopped by adding 0.5 M 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol aqueous solution containing 80% acetonitrile, and the fluorescence intensity (excitation wavelength; 409 nm, fluorescence wavelength; 530 nm) was measured using a fluorescence plate reader. The inhibition ratio was calculated based on the following formula, and concentration of each test compound by which the inhibition ratio becomes 50% (IC₅₀) was obtained. The results are shown in Table 3. Inhibition ratio (%)=100−(C ₁ −B ₁)/(C ₀ −B ₁)×100 C₁: Fluorescence intensity in the presence of test compound having known concentration, enzyme and substrate C₀: Fluorescence intensity in the absence of test compound and in the presence of enzyme and substrate B₁: Fluorescence intensity of blank well (5) Cytochrome P450 (2C9) Enzyme Inhibition Test

This test was carried out in accordance with the method of Crespi et al. (Analytical Biochemistry, 248, 188-190, 1997).

Using a 96 well plate, 7-methoxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)cumarin as the substrate (7.5×10⁻⁵ M), each test compound (from 4.9×10⁻⁸ to 5×10⁻⁵ M) and the enzyme (10⁻⁸ M) were incubated at 37° C. for 45 minutes in 200 μl in total volume of 200 mM phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) containing 8.2 μM NADP+, 0.41 mM glucose-6-phosphate, 0.41 mM MgCl₂ and 0.4 units/ml glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Thereafter, the reaction was stopped by adding 0.5 M 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol aqueous solution containing 80% acetonitrile, and the fluorescence intensity (excitation wavelength; 409 nm, fluorescence wavelength; 530 nm) was measured using a fluorescence plate reader. The inhibition ratio was calculated based on the same formula of aforementioned (4), and concentration of each test compound by which the inhibition ratio becomes 50% (IC₅₀) was obtained. The results are shown in Table 3. TABLE 3 CYP (3A4 and 2C9) inhibitory activity IC₅₀ (μM) Compounds CYP3A4 CYP2C9 Example 3 >50 >50 Example 9 13 11 Example 51 >50 34 Example 54 >50 43 Example 130 >50 >50 Example 136 >50 >50 Comparative compound <0.091 <0.091

As shown in Table 3, the compounds of the invention showed markedly low inhibitory action upon the drug metabolizing enzymes CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. In this connection, the comparative compound is the same comparative compound shown in Table 1.

The medicament of the invention can be prepared by a generally used method using one or more of the compounds of the invention represented by the general formula (I) and carriers for drug, fillers and other additive agents which are generally used in preparing medicines. Its administration may be either oral administration in the form of tablets, pills, capsules, granules, powders, solutions and the like, or parenteral administration in the form of intravenous injections, intramuscular injections or the like injections, or suppositories, transnasal preparations, transmucosal preparations, percutaneous preparations and the like.

The solid composition for use in the oral administration according to the present invention is used in the form of tablets, powders, granules and the like. In such a solid composition, one or more active substances are mixed with at least one inert diluent such as lactose, mannitol, glucose, hydroxypropylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, starch, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, aluminum magnesium silicate or the like. In the usual way, the composition may contain other additives than the inert diluent, such as magnesium stearate or the like lubricant, calcium cellulose glycolate or the like disintegrating agent, lactose or the like stabilizing agent and glutamic acid, aspartic acid or the like solubilization assisting agent. As occasion demands, tablets or pills may be coated with a sugar coating a film of a gastric or enteric substance, such as sucrose, gelatin, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate or the like.

The liquid composition for oral administration includes pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, elixirs and the like and contains a generally used inert diluent such as purified water or ethanol. In addition to the inert diluent, this composition may also contain a moistening agent, a suspending agent and the like auxiliary agents, as well as sweeteners, flavors, aromatics and antiseptics.

The injections for parenteral administration includes aseptic aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions and emulsions. Examples of the diluent for use in the aqueous solutions and suspensions include distilled water for injection and physiological saline. Examples of the diluent for use in the non-aqueous solutions and suspensions include propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, olive oil or the like plant oil, EtOH or the like alcohol, polysorbate 80 and the like. Such a composition may further contain additive agents including an antiseptic, a moistening agent, an emulsifying agent, a dispersing agent, a stabilizing agent such as lactose, and a solubilization assisting agent such as glutamic acid or aspartic acid. These are sterilized, for example, by filtration through a bacteria retaining filter, blending of a germicide or irradiation. Alternatively, they can also be used by firstly making into sterile solid compositions and dissolving them in sterile water or a sterile solvent for injection prior to their use.

In the case of oral administration, the appropriate daily dose is generally from about 0.0001 to 50 mg/kg, preferably from about 0.001 to 10 mg/kg, more preferably from 0.01 to 1 mg/kg, per body weight, and this is administered once a day or dividing it into 2 to 4 doses. In the case of intravenous administration, the appropriate daily dose is generally from about 0.0001 to 1 mg/kg, preferably from about 0.0001 to 0.1 mg/kg, per body weight, and this is administered once a day or dividing it into two or more doses. The dose is optionally decided in response to individual cases by taking into consideration symptoms, age, sex and the like. However, since the dose varies under various conditions, a smaller dose than the above range may be sufficient enough in some cases.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The following illustratively describes the invention based on examples, but the invention is not restricted by these examples. In this connection, since novel substances are included in the material compounds to be used in the examples, methods for producing such material compounds from conventionally known substances are described as reference examples.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 1

A 5.2 g portion of 60% sodium hydride oil dispersion was suspended in 50 ml of DMF, and 6.73 ml of benzyl alcohol was added thereto under ice-cooling. After warming up to room temperature, 12.3 g of 4-fluoro-2-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid was added thereto and stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. A 1 M hydrochloric acid aqueous solution was added to the reaction mixture, and the thus precipitated crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 16.39 g of 4-(benzyloxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

MS(+); 297

In the same manner as in Reference Example 1, Reference Examples 2 to 4 shown in Table 4 were produced using respective corresponding materials.

In this connection, signs in the table show the following meanings (the same shall apply hereinafter).

Rf: Reference Example number,

Data: physicochemical date (NMR: uses (CH₃)₄Si as the internal standard, and unless otherwise noted, shows peak 6 (ppm) by ¹H-NMR using DMSO-d₆ as the measuring solvent,

MS(+): FAB-MS [M+H]⁺, MS(−): FAB-MS [M−H]⁺, EMS(+): ESI-MS [M+H]⁺,

EMS(−): ESI-MS [M−H]⁺,

R^(A), R^(B): substituent groups in the general formula,

nPr: normal propyl, cPr: cyclopropyl.

In this connection, regarding the NMR data, there is a case in which a compound gives a complex data due to the presence of two or more conformers, but among them, only a peak which corresponds to a conformer considered to be mainly present was described. In addition, these peaks were converged on a peak showing one kind of compound, by measuring under heating. Table 4

Rf R^(A) R^(B) Data 2 CF₃ cPr—CH₂O— EMS(−): 259 3 Cl nPr—S— MS(+): 231 4 CF₃ nPr—S— MS(−): 263

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 5

A 4.44 g portion of methyl 4-fluoro-2-trifluorobenzoate was dissolved in 40 ml of DMF, 3.32 g of potassium carbonate and 4.10 ml of N-methyl-N-propylamine were added thereto, and the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 14 hours. After cooling the reaction mixture, phase separation operation was carried out by adding water and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then the crude product obtained by evaporating the solvent was subjected to a silica gel column chromatography, eluted with hexane-EtOAc (4:1) and concentration under a reduced pressure to obtain 4.79 g of methyl 4-[methyl(propyl)amino]-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate.

MS(+): 276

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 6

A 4.78 g portion of the compound of Reference Example 5 was dissolved in 20 ml of MeOH, and 6.94 g of 5 M sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added thereto and stirred at 70° C. for 5 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled and then concentrated under a reduced pressure. The thus obtained residue was neutralized with 1 M hydrochloride acid aqueous solution, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 4.36 g of 4-[methyl(propyl)amino]-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

MS(+): 262

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 7

A 8.0 g portion of the compound of Reference Example 1 was dissolved in 80 ml of THF, 8 ml of thionyl chloride and 3 drops of DMF were added thereto under ice-cooling, and then this was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours. By evaporating the reaction solvent and then carrying out drying, an acid chloride compound was obtained. This was mixed with 6.84 g of (Z)-methyl (4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene)acetate, mixed with 50 ml of pyridine under ice-cooling and then stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. After completion of the reaction, the solvent was evaluated and separation of layers was carried out by adding 1 M hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated and the thus obtained residue was recrystallized from EtOH to obtain 9.12 g of methyl (2Z)-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetate.

EMS(+): 532

In the same manner as in Reference Example 7, the Reference Examples 8 to 11 shown in Table 5 were produced using respective corresponding materials.

In this connection, the sign in the table represents the following meaning (the same shall apply hereinafter).

Me: methyl. Table 5

Rf R^(A) R^(B) Data 8 CF₃ cPr—CH₂O— EMS(+): 496 9 Cl nPr—S— MS(+): 466 10 CF₃ nPr—S— MS(+): 500 11 CF₃ nPr—N(Me)— MS(+): 497

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 12

A 9.1 g portion of the compound of Reference Example 7 was dissolved in 100 ml of trifluoroacetic acid, and 5.1 g of pentamethylbenzene was added thereto and stirred at room temperature for 12 hours. The insoluble matter was filtered, and then the filtrate was concentrated under a reduced pressure. Diethyl ether was added to the thus obtained residue, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration to obtain 6.22 g of methyl (2Z)-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-(benzyloxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetate.

EMS(+): 442

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 7

A 3.89 g portion of the compound of Reference Example 12 was dissolved in 20 ml of DMSO, and 2.06 g of tert-butyl bromoacetate and 1.46 g of potassium carbonate were added thereto and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After filtration of the insoluble matter, separation of layers was carried out by adding water and EtOAc. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated and the thus obtained residue was subjected to a silica gel column chromatography to obtain 3.55 g of methyl (2Z)-{1-[4-(2-tert-butoxy-2-oxoethoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetate from chloroform-MeOH (80:1) eluate.

EMS(+): 556

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 14

A 3.75 g portion of the compound of Reference Example 13 was dissolved in 20 ml of trifluoroacetic acid and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. By evaporating the solvent under a reduced pressure, 3.25 g of [4-{[(5Z)-4,4-difluoro-5-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethylidene)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1-benzazepin-1-yl]carbonyl}-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]acetic acid was obtained.

MS(+): 450

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 15

A 1.09 g portion of the compound of Reference Example 14 was dissolved in 10 ml of DMF, 324 mg of HOBt, 460 mg of WSCD, 1.20 ml of dimethylamine (2.0 M THF solution) and 0.335 ml of triethylamine were added thereto, and then this was stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. Sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution was added to the reaction liquid, the thus formed precipitate was collected by filtration, and the thus obtained crude product was washed with water and then dried under a reduced pressure to obtain 1.14 g of methyl (2Z)-{1-[4-(2-dimethylamino-2-oxoethoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetate.

MS(+): 527

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 16

A 1.00 g portion of the compound of Reference Example 12 was dissolved in 15 ml of THF, 0.415 ml of 1-butanol, 1.19 g of triphenylphosphine and 2.08 ml of diethyl azodicarboxylate were added thereto, and then this was stirred at room temperature for 17 hours. Water and EtOAc were added to the reaction mixture to carry out separation of layers. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine and dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated and the thus obtained residue was subjected to a silica gel column chromatography, eluted with chloroform-MeOH (50:1) and then concentrated under a reduced pressure to obtain 1.41 g of crude methyl (2Z)-{1-[4-butoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetate.

The compound obtained in the above was dissolved in 5 ml MeOH-10 ml THF, mixed with 1 M sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and then stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After evaporation of the solvent, 1 M hydrochloric acid and chloroform-iPrOH (3:1 mixed solvent) was added thereto to carry out separation of layers. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. By evaporating the solvent, 1.01 g of (2Z)-{1-[4-butoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetic acid was obtained.

MS(+): 484

In the sama manner as in Reference Example 16, the Reference Examples 17 to 19 shown in Table 6 were produced using respective corresponding materials.

In this connection, the sign in the table represents the following meaning (the same shall apply hereinafter).

iBu: isobutyl. Table 6

Rf R^(A) R^(B) Data 17 CF₃ nPr—O— MS(+): 470 18 CF₃ iBu—O— MS(+): 483 19 Cl iBu—O— MS(+): 450

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 40

A 1.43 g portion of the compound of Reference Example 7 was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 15 ml MeOH-25 ml THF, mixed with 1 M sodium hydroxide aqueous solution and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After evaporation of the solvent, the liquid property was changed to acidic by adding 1 M hydrochloric acid, and then the thus precipitated white solid was collected by filtration and dried under a reduced pressure to obtain 1.39 g of (2Z)-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetic acid.

MS(+): 518

In the sama manner as in Reference Example 20, the Reference Examples 21 to 25 shown in Table 7 were produced using respective corresponding materials. Table 7

Rf R^(A) R^(B) Data 21 CF₃ CPr—CH₂O— EMS(+): 482 22 Cl nPr—S— MS(+): 452 23 CF₃ nPr—S— MS(+): 486 24 CF₃ nPr—N(Me)— MS(+): 483 25 CF₃ Me₂NOCCH₂—O— MS(+): 513

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 26

Concentrated sulfuric acid was added to MeOH solution of the compound of Reference Example 1, and heating under reflux was carried out for 3 days. The reaction mixture was poured into ice water to carry out extraction operation with ether. After evaporation of the solvent, the thus obtained residue was dissolved in EtOH, mixed with 10% palladium on carbon and, in an atmosphere of hydrogen, stirred at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain methyl 4-hydroxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate.

MS(+): 221

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 27

Bromoacetone and potassium carbonate was added to acetonitrile solution of the compound of Reference Example 26 and stirred at 60° C. for 1 hour to obtain methyl 4-(2-oxopropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate.

ESI-MS(+): 299 [M+23]⁺

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 28

(Diethylamino)sulfur trifluoride was added at −78° C. to methylene chloride solution of the compound of Reference Example 27, and stirred at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain methyl 4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate.

EI-MS: 298 [M]⁺

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 29

5 M Sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added to MeOH solution of the compound of Reference Example 28, and stirred at 90° C. for 2.5 hours to obtain 4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

MS(−): 283

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 30

Triethylamine was added to methylene chloride solution of (2S)-propane-1,2-diol, and then methylene chloride solution of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride was added thereto at −20° C. and stirred at room temperature for 18 hours to obtain (2S)-2-hydroxypropyl-4-methylbenzene sulfonate.

MS(+): 231

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 30A

N,N-Dimethylaniline and acetic anhydride were added to THF solution of the compound of Reference Example 30 and stirred at 0° C. for 1 hour to obtain (1S)-1-methyl-2-{[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy}ethyl acetate.

MS(+): 273

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 30B

The compound of Reference Example 26 and potassium carbonate were added to DMF solution of the compound of Reference Example 30A and stirred at 70° C. for 17 hours to obtain methyl 4-{[(2S)-2-(acetyloxy)propyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate.

MS(+): 321

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 31

1 M Potassium hydroxide-MeOH solution was added at 0° C. to MeOH solution of the compound of Reference Example 30B and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain methyl 4-{[(2S)-2-hydroxypropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate.

MS(+): 279

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 32

(Diethylamino)sulfur trifluoride was added at −78° C. to methylene chloride solution of the compound of Reference Example 31 and stirred at room temperature for 15 hours to obtain methyl 4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate.

FAB-MS(+): 280 [M]⁺

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 33

5 M Sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was added to MeOH solution of the compound of Reference Example 32 and stirred at 70° C. for 6 hours to obtain 4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

MS(+): 267

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 34

Sodium borohydride was added at 0° C. to EtOH solution of the compound of Reference Example 27 and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain methyl 4-(2-hydroxypropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate.

ESI-MS(+): 301 [M+23]⁺

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 35

In the same manner as in Reference Example 30, (2R)-2-hydroxypropyl-4-methylbenzene sulfonate was produced using (2R)-propane-1,2-diol.

MS(+): 231

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 35A

In the same manner as in Reference Example 30A, (1R)-1-methyl-2-{[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]oxy}ethyl acetate was produced using the compound of Reference Example 35.

MS(+): 273

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 35B

In the same manner as in Reference Example 30B, methyl 4-{[(2R)-2-(acetyloxy)propyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate was produced using the compound of Reference Example 35A.

MS(+): 321

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 36

In the same manner as in Reference Example 31, methyl 4-{[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate was produced using the compound of Reference Example 35B.

MS(+): 279

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 37

In the same manner as in Reference Example 32, methyl 4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoate was produced using the compound of Reference Example 36.

MS(+): 281

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 38

In the same manner as in Reference Example 33, 4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid was produced using the compound of Reference Example 37.

MS(+): 267

In the same manner as in Reference Example 7, the Reference Examples 39 to 41 shown in Table 8 were produced using respective corresponding materials. Table 8

Rf R^(B) R^(D) Data 39 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H EMS(+): 502 40 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H EMS(+): 502 41 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F MS(+): 520 42 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F MS(+): 520 41 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ H MS(+): 520

In the same manner as in Reference Example 20, the Reference Examples 42 to 46 shown in Table 9 were produced using respective corresponding materials. Table 9

Rf R^(B) R^(D) Data 42 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H MS(+): 488 43 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H MS(+): 488 44 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F MS(+): 506 45 (R)—O—CH₂CNFCH₃ F MS(+): 506 46 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ H MS(+): 506

EXAMPLE 1

A 150 mg portion of the compound of Reference Example 20 was dissolved in 5 ml of DMF, mixed with 43 mg of HOBt, 61 mg of WSCD, 35 mg of glycine amide hydrochloride and 0.045 ml of triethylamine, and then stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. Saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and EtOAc were added to the reaction mixture to carry out separation of layers. The organic layer was washed with water and saturated brine and dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated, and the thus obtained residue was recrystallized from EtOH to obtain 139 mg of (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide.

In the same manner as in Example 1, the Examples 2 to 16 as shown in Table 10 were produced using respective corresponding materials.

EXAMPLE 17

A 150 mg portion of the compound of Example 20 was dissolved in 3.5 ml of THF, mixed with 0.3 ml of thionyl chloride and 2 to 3 drops of DMF and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The solvent was evaporated under a reduced pressure, and thionyl chloride was further removed by azeotropic evaporation using toluene. The thus obtained residue was dissolved in THF, and this solution was added dropwise to aqueous ammonia. Separation of layers was carried out by adding EtOAc to the reaction mixture. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine and then dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The thus obtained crude product was recrystallized from iPrOH-diisopropyl ether mixed solvent to obtain 126 mg of (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(benzyloxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide.

In the same manner as in Example 17, the Example 18 as shown in Table 10 was produced using respective corresponding materials. Also, in the same manner as in Reference Example 12, the Examples 19 and 20 as shown in Table 10 were produced using respective corresponding materials.

EXAMPLE 21

A 325 mg portion of the compound of Example 6 was dissolved in 5 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane, mixed with 148 mg of m-chlorobenzoic acid under ice-cooling, and stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. The reaction mixture was mixed with 10% (w/v) Na₂S₂O₃.5H₂O aqueous solution, water and chloroform to carry out separation of layers. The organic layer was washed with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was evaporated, and then the thus obtained crude product was subjected to a silica gel column chromatography, eluted with chloroform-MeOH (23:2) and concentrated under a reduced pressure to obtain 121 mg of (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-(propylsulfinyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide.

In the same manner as in Example 21, the Example 22 as shown in Table 10 was produced using respective corresponding materials. Also, the Examples 23 to 147 as shown in Tables 11 to 18 were produced using respective corresponding materials, by the aforementioned production methods or the methods described in Examples, or methods obvious to those skilled in the art or modified methods thereof.

In this connection, signs in the tables represent the following meanings (the same shall apply hereinafter).

Ex: example number,

R^(C): substituent group in the general formula,

Et: ethyl, nBu: normal butyl, Ph: phenyl, Py: pyridyl, Bn: benzyl, Gly: carbamoylmethylamino (—NHCH₂CONH₂), Etha: 2-hydroxyethylamino (—NHCH₂CH₂OH), Car: amino (—NH₂). In this connection, the numeral before each substituent group resents the substituting position. Illustratively, for example, —NHPh(2-OH) means 2-hydroxyphenylamino, and —NHCH₂(2-Py) means pyridine-2-ylmethylamino. Table 10

Ex R^(A) R^(B) R^(C) MS(+) 1 —CF₃ Bn—O— —CH₂—CONH₂ 574 2 —CF₃ Bn—O— —(CH₂)₂—OH 561 3 —CF₃ cPr—CH₂O— —CH₂—CONH₂ 538 4 —CF₃ cPr—CH₂O— —(CH₂)₂—OH 525 5 —Cl nPr—S— —CH₂—CONH₂ 508 6 —CF₃ nPr—S— —CH₂CONH₂ 542 7 —CF₃ nPr—O— —CH₂CONH₂ 526 8 —CF₃ nPr—O— —(CH₂)₂—OH 513 9 —CF₃ nBu—O— —CH₂—CONH₂ 540 10 —CF₃ nBu—O— —(CH₂)₂—OH 527 11 —CF₃ iBu—O— —CH₂—CONH₂ 540 12 —CF₃ iBu—O— —(CH₂)₂—OH 527 13 —Cl iBu—O— —CH₂—CONH₂ 506 14 —CF₃ nPr—N(Me)— —CH₂—CONH₂ 539 15 —CF₃ Me₂NOCCH₂—O— —CH₂—CONH₂ 569 16 —CF₃ nPr—O— —H 469 17 —CF₃ Bn—O— —H 517 18 —CF₃ nPr—N(Me)— —H 482 19 —CF₃ HO— —CH₂—CONH₂ 484 20 —CF₃ HO— —H 427 21 —CF₃ nPr—S(═O)— —CH₂CONH₂ 558 22 —CF₃ nPr—S(═O)₂— —CH₂—CONH₂ 574

Table 11

Ex R^(B) R^(D) MS(+) 23 —OnPr F 544 24 —OnPr Cl 560 25 —OnPr Br 604,606 26 —O—CH₂C(CH₃)═CH₂ H 538 27 —O—(CH₂)CH₂F H 544 28 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 544 29 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 544 30 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F 562 31 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F 562 32 —O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 544 33 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ H 562 34 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ F 580 35 —N(Me)Et H 525 36 —N(Et)nPr H 553 37 —N(Me)nBu H 553 38 —N(Me)iBu H 553 39 —NnPr₂ H 567 40 —SEt H 528 41 —SiBu H 556 42 —SCH═CH₂ H 526 43 —SCH₂CH₂F H 546 44 —S(CH₂)₂CH₂F H 560 45 —SCH₂CHFCH₃ H 560

Table 12

Ex R^(B) R^(D) MS(+) 46 —OnPr F 531 47 —OnPr Cl 547 48 —O—CH₂cPr H 525 49 —O—(CH₂)₂CH₂F H 531 50 —O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 531 51 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ H 549 52 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 531 53 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 531 54 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F 549 55 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F 549 56 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ F 567 57 —N(Me)CH₂CH₂F H 544 58 —N(Et)nPr H 540 59 —SCH═CH₂ H 513 60 —SCH₂CH₂F H 533 61 —S(CH₂)₂CH₂F H 547

Table 13

Ex R^(B) R^(D) MS(+) 62 —OnPr F 487 63 —OnPr Cl 503 64 —OnPr Br 547,549 65 —O—(CH₂)CH₂F H 487 66 —O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 487 67 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ H 505 68 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ F 523 69 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 487 70 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ H 487 71 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F 505 72 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ F 505 73 —N(Me)(CH₂)₂CH₂F H 500 74 —N(Me)CH₂CF₂CH₃ H 518 75 —N(Et)nPr H 496 76 —N(Et)(CH₂)₂CH₂F H 514 77 —NnPr₂ H 510

TABLE 14

Ex R^(C) R^(D) MS(+) 78 —NH(CH₂)₂OMe H 527 79 —NHC(Me)₂CH₂OH H 541 80 —NH(CH₂)₂F H 515 81 —NH(CH₂)₃OH H 527 82 —NH(CH₂)₃F H 529 83 —NHCH₂CH(OH)CH₂OH H 543 84 —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH H 543 85 —NHCH₂CH(S—OH)CH₂OH H 543 86 —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH F 561 87 —NH(CH₂)₂O(CH₂)₂OH H 557 88 —NH(CH₂)₂NMe₂ H 540 89 —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ H 540 90 —NHCH(CONH₂)₂ H 569 91 —NHCH₂CONHMe H 540 92 —NHCH₂CONMe₂ H 554 93 —NH(CH₂)₂NHCOCH₃ H 554 94 —N(CH₂CH₂OH)₂ H 557 95 —N(CH₂CONH₂)₂ H 583 96 —NHPh H 545 97 —NHPh(2-OH) H 561 98 —NHPh(3-OH) H 561 99 —NHPh(4-OH) H 561 100 —NHPh(2-CONH₂) H 588 101 —NHPh(3-CONH₂) H 588 102 —NHPh(4-CONH₂) H 588 103 —NHPh(3-SO₂NH₂) H 624 104 —NHPh(4-SO₂NH₂) H 624 105 —NHPh(3-NHCOMe) H 602

TABLE 15

Ex R^(C) R^(D) MS(+) 106 —NHCH₂Ph(3-OH) H 575 107 —NHCH₂Ph(4-OH) H 575 108 —NHCH₂Ph(4-SO₂NH₂) H 638 109 —NHCH₂(2-Py) H 560 110

H 580 111

H 596 112

H 594 113

H 610

TABLE 16

Ex R^(C) R^(D) MS(+) 114

H 539 115

H 553 116

H 580 117

H 580 118

H 555 119

H 573 120

H 567 121

H 552 122

H 539

TABLE 17

Ex R^(B) R^(C) R^(D) MS(+) 123 —O—(CH₂)₂CH₂F —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH H 561 124 —O—(CH₂)₂CH₂F —NHCH₂CH(S—OH)CH₂OH H 561 125 —O—(CH₂)₂CH₂F —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ H 558 126 —O—(CH₂)₂CH₂F

H 628 127 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ H 558 128 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ H 558 129 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NHCH₂CH(S—OH)CH₂OH H 561 130 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NHCH₂CH(S—OH)CH₂OH H 561 131 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH H 561 132 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH H 561 133 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ F 576 134 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ F 576 135 (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH F 579 136 (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH F 579 137 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH H 579 138 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ —NHCH₂CH(S—OH)CH₂OH H 579 139 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ H 576 140 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ F 594 141 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ —NHCH₂CH(S—OH)CH₂OH F 597 142 —O—CH₂CF₂CH₃ —NHCH₂CH(R—OH)CH₂OH F 597 143 —SEt —NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ H 542 144 —SEt —NHCH(CONH₂)₂ H 571 145 —SEt —NHPh(3-CONH₂) H 590

TABLE 18

Ex R^(1A) MS(+) 146 Gly 493 147 Car 436

In the following, NMR data of some Example compounds are shown in Table 19. TABLE 19 Ex NMR 1 2.35-2.55(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.15(1H, br), 3.76(2H, s), 4.75-4.90(1H, br), 5.09(2H, s), 6.45(1H, s), 6.73(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.87(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 7.03(1H, dd, J=7.8, 2.4Hz), 7.10-7.19(2H, m), 7.24-7.40(9H, m), 8.68(1H, t, J=5.7Hz). 2 2.25-2.55(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.05-3.20(1H, br), 3.20-3.25(2H, m), 3.42-3.50(2H, m), 4.72(1H, t, J=5.4Hz), 4.75-4.90(1H, br), 5.09(2H, s), 6.39(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.87(1H, d, J=7.3Hz), 7.04(1H, dd, J=2.0, 8.3Hz), 7.16(1H, t, J=7.6Hz), 7.22-7.42(8H, m), 8.46(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 3 0.24-0.30(2H, m), 0.49-0.58(2H, m), 1.08-1.20(1H, m), 2.33-2.45(1H, br), 2.60-2.97(1H, br), 3.02-3.29(1H, br), 3.68-3.88(4H, m), 4.60-5.05(1H, br), 6.44(1H, s), 6.71(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.85(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.93(1H, dd, J=2.0, 8.8Hz), 7.11-7.38(6H, m), 8.48(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 4 0.24-0.31(2H, m), 0.48-0.56(2H, m), 1.09-1.21(1H, m), 2.27-2.46(1H, br), 2.65-2.90(1H, br), 3.00-3.26(3H, m), 3.43-35.2(2H, m), 3.80(2H, d, J=6.8Hz), 4.73(1H, d, J=5.3Hz), 4.75-4.92(1H, br), 6.39(1H, s), 6.71(1H, d, J=7.3Hz), 6.84(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.93(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.13-7.18(2H, m), 7.24(1H, t, J=7.3Hz) 7.30-7.34(1H, m), 8.48(1H, t, J=5.3Hz). 5 0.92(3H, t, J=7.6Hz), 1.46-1.55(2H, m), 2.24-2.50(1H, br), 2.65-2.84(1H, br), 2.89-2.93(2H, m), 3.04-3.22(1H, br), 3.75(2H, s), 4.70-4.92(1H, br), 6.37(1H, s), 6.87(1H, s), 6.94(1H, d, J=7.6Hz), 7.01(1H, d, J=8.0Hz), 7.14-7.53(6H, m), 8.62(1H, s). 6 0.93(3H, t, J=7.2Hz), 1.48-1.57(2H, m), 2.28-2.52(1H, br), 2.63-2.87(1H, br), 2.94-2.97(2H, m), 3.08-3.20(1H, br), 3.73-3.76(2H, m), 4.73-4.88(1H, br), 6.48(1H, s), 6.73(1H, d, J=8.0Hz), 6.84(1H, d, J=8.0Hz), 7.14-7.76(7H, m), 8.69(1H, t, J=5.2Hz). 7 0.92(3H, t, J=7.3Hz), 1.62-1.72(2H, m), 2.30-2.50(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.10(1H, br), 3.76(2H, s), 3.90(2H, t, J=6.6Hz), 4.70-4.90(1H, br), 6.45(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.85(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.94(1H, dd, J=2.1, 7.6Hz), 7.10-7.38(6H, m), 8.68(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 8 0.92(3H, t, J=7.3Hz), 1.62-1.72(2H, m), 2.30-2.50(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.20(1H, br), 3.23(2H, t, J=5.9Hz), 3.44-3.50(2H, m), 3.90(2H, t, J=6.6Hz), 4.72(1H, t, J=5.4Hz), 4.75-4.86(1H, br), 6.40(1H, s), 6.71(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.85(1H, d, J=8.3Hz), 6.95(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.10-7.18(2H, m), 7.25(1H, t, J=7.1Hz), 7.30-7.34(1H, m), 8.46(1H, t, J=5.6Hz). 9 0.89(3H, t, J=7.3Hz), 1.31-1.42(2H, m), 1.57-1.67(2H, m), 2.30-2.50(1H, br), 2.70-2.85(1H, br), 3.00-3.20(1H, br), 3.76(2H, s), 3.94(2H, t, J=6.6Hz), 4.65-4.95(1H, br), 6.45(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.85(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.94(1H, dd, J=2.4, 8.8Hz), 7.10-7.20(3H, m), 7.22-7.32(2H, m), 7.33-7.37(1H, m), 8.68(1H, t, J=5.3Hz). 10 0.89(3H, t, J=7.4Hz), 1.32-1.42(2H, m), 1.58-1.67(2H, m), 2.25-2.45(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.15(1H, br), 3.20-3.30(2H, m), 3.44-3.50(2H, m), 3.94(2H, t, J=6.4Hz), 4.73(1H, t, J=5.2Hz), 4.75-4.87(1H, br), 6.39(1H, s), 6.71(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.84(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.95(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.12-7.18(2H, m), 7.21-7.26(1H, m), 7.30-7.33(1H, m), 8.46(1H, t, J=5.6Hz). 11 0.92(6H, d, J=6.8Hz), 1.89-2.00(1H, m), 2.30-2.50(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.20(1H, br), 3.70-3.82(4H, m), 4.75-4.85(1H, br), 6.45(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=7.9Hz), 6.86(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.95(1H, dd, J=2.4, 8.3Hz), 7.12-7.19(3H, m), 7.23-7.30(2H, m), 7.36(1H, dd, J=7.8Hz, 1.5Hz), 8.68(1H, t, J=5.6Hz). 12 0.92(6H, d, J=6.4Hz), 1.89-2.00(1H, m), 2.30-2.50(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.15(1H, br), 3.19-3.25(2H, m), 3.44-3.50(2H, m), 3.72(2H, d, J=6.3Hz), 4.73(1H, t, J=5.1Hz), 4.76-4.88(1H, br), 6.40(1H, s), 6.71(1H, d, J=7.3Hz), 6.85(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.96(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.3Hz), 7.13-7.18(2H, m), 7.22-7.27(1H, m), 7.32(1H, dd, J=7.8Hz, 1.5Hz), 8.46(1H, t, J=5.6Hz). 13 0.91(6H, d, J=6.8Hz), 1.86-1.98(1H, m), 2.25-2.50(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.15(1H, br), 3.67(2H, d, J=6.3Hz), 3.70-3.78(2H, br), 4.73-4.90(1H, br), 6.35(1H, s), 6.63-6.69(1H, m), 6.89-6.96(3H, m), 7.11-7.20(2H, m), 7.22-7.33(3H, m), 8.62(1H, s). 14 0.80(3H, t, J=7.2Hz), 1.40-1.45(2H, m), 2.27-2.53(1H, br), 2.55-2.77(1H, br), 2.86(3H, s), 2.92-3.15(1H, br), 3.24(2H, s), 3.75(2H, s), 4.71-5.05(1H, br), 6.44(1H, s), 6.58(1H, d, J=8.4Hz), 6.67(1H, d, J=8.4Hz), 6.71(1H, d, J=7.6Hz), 6.77(1H, s), 7.14-7.36(5H, m), 8.64(1H, s). 15 2.30-2.50(1H, br), 2.65-2.85(1H, br), 2.80(3H, s), 2.92(3H, s), 3.00-3.20(1H, br), 3.70-3.82(2H, m), 4.75-4.90(1H, br), 4.86(2H, s), 6.44(1H, s), 6.73(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.83(1H, d, J=8.3Hz), 6.90(1H, dd, J=2.4, 8.3Hz), 7.11-7.20(3H, m), 7.24-7.30(2H, m), 7.36(1H, dd, J=7.3Hz, 1.4Hz), 8.68(1H, t, J=5.7Hz). 16 0.92(3H, t, J=7.8Hz), 1.61-1.71(2H, m), 2.35-2.55(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.20(1H, br), 3.90(2H, t, J=6.4Hz), 4.70-4.90(1H, br), 6.38(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.84(1H, d, J=8.7Hz), 6.96(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.6Hz), 7.10-7.18(2H, m), 7.22-7.27(1H, m), 7.28-7.31(1H, m), 7.35(1H, s), 7.87(1H, s). 17 2.30-2.55(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.05-3.25(1H, br), 4.75-4.95(1H, br), 5.09(2H, s), 6.38(1H, s), 6.73(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.86(1H, d, J=8.7Hz), 7.05(1H, dd, J=2.4, 8.4Hz), 7.13-7.18(1H, m), 7.22-7.42(9H, m), 7.88(1H, s). 18 0.81(3H, t, J=7.2Hz), 1.40-1.46(2H, m), 2.24-2.52(1H, br), 2.57-2.78(1H, br), 2.85(3H, s), 2.95-3.17(1H, br), 3.23(2H, s), 4.70-5.02(1H, br), 6.36(1H, s), 6.62-6.76(4H, m), 7.16-7.34(4H, m), 7.84(1H, s). 19 2.30-2.50(1H, br), 2.55-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.20(1H, br), 3.75(2H, s), 4.70-4.90(1H, br), 6.47(1H, s), 6.66-6.76(3H, m), 7.00(1H, d, J=1.5Hz), 7.10-7.19(2H, m), 7.22-7.30(2H, m), 7.35(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 8.65(1H, t, J=5.6Hz), 10.3(1H, s). 20 2.30-2.50(1H, br), 2.55-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.20(1H, br), 4.70-4.90(1H, br), 6.41(1H, s), 6.67-6.74(3H, m), 7.00(1H, s), 7.15(1H, tdJ=1.4, 7.8Hz), 7.24(1H, t, J=7.6Hz), 7.27-7.32(1H, m), 7.34(1H, s), 7.85(1H, s), 10.3(1H, s). 21 0.87(3H, t, J=7.2Hz), 1.19-1.27(1H, m), 1.45-1.58(1H, m), 2.18-2.52(1H, br), 2.65-2.78(1H, br), 2.93-3.00(2H, m), 3.06-3.25(1H, br), 3.74-3.76(2H, m), 4.75-4.92(1H, br), 6.55(1H, s), 6.73(1H, d, J=7.6Hz), 7.12-7.15(3H, m), 7.24-7.33(2H, m), 7.36(1H, dd, J=1.6, 7.2Hz), 7.71(1H, d, J=8.0Hz), 7.98(1H, s), 8.70(1H, s). 22 0.84(3H, t, J=7.6Hz), 1.38-1.47(2H, m), 2.15-2.54(1H, br), 2.67-2.90(1H, br), 3.15-3.30(1H, br), 3.34-3.52(2H, m), 3.75-3.77(2H, m), 4.75-4.90(1H, br), 6.61(1H, s), 6.74(1H, d, J=8.0Hz), 7.13-7.17(3H, m), 7.26-7.39(2H, m), 7.37-7.39(1H, m), 7.97(1H, d, J=8.4Hz), 8.16(1H, s), 8.71(1H, s). 30 1.32(3H, dd, J=6.4, 29.2Hz), 2.31-2.43(1H, br), 2.60-2.80(1H, br), 3.18-3.27(1H, br), 3.20-3.34(2H, m), 4.00-4.37(2H, m), 4.64-5.10(2H, m), 6.56(1H, s), 6.73-6.80(1H, m), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 7.02-7.08(2H, m), 7.14(1H, s), 7.24-7.26(2H, m), 7.32(1H, s), 8.60-8.64(1H, br). 31 1.33(3H, ddJ=6.3, 29.3Hz), 2.33-2.47(1H, br), 2.59-2.83(1H, br), 3.03-3.25(1H, br), 3.72-3.85(2H, m), 4.02-4.24(2H, m), 4.72-4.84(1H, br), 4.86-5.07(1H, m), 6.56(1H, s), 6.74-6.80(1H, m), 6.88(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 7.00-7.08(2H, m), 7.14(1H, s), 7.21-7.26(2H, m), 7.32(1H, s), 8.65(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 51 1.67(3H, t, J=19.5Hz), 2.30-2.48(1H, br), 2.46-2.90(1H, br), 3.08-3.34(3H, m), 3.39-4.00(2H, m), 4.32(2H, t, J=12.7Hz), 4.70-4.78(2H, m), 6.38(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.89(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 7.04(1H, dd, J=2.4, 8.8Hz), 7.15(1H, dt, J=1.5, 7.8Hz), 7.22-7.34(3H, m), 8.47(1H, t, J=5.3Hz). 52 1.32(3H, dd, J=6.4, 23.5Hz), 2.36-2.47(1H, br), 2.65-2.76(1H, br), 3.18-3.30(3H, m), 3.43-3.49(2H, m), 4.00-4.20(2H, m), 4.68-5.06(3H, m), 6.39(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.98(1H, dd, J=2.4, 8.8Hz), 7.15(1H, dt, J=1.4, 8.8Hz), 7.21-7.27(2H, m), 7.32(1H, dd, J=1.4, 8.8Hz), 8.46(1H, t, J=5.8Hz). 53 1.32(3H, dd, J=6.8, 23.9Hz), 2.37-2.46(1H, br), 2.65-2.83(1H, br), 3.19-3.28(3H, m), 3.44-3.50(2H, m), 4.00-4.20(2H, m), 4.69-5.05(3H, m), 6.39(1H, s), 6.73(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.99(1H, dd, J=2.4, 8.8Hz), 7.15(1H, dt, J=1.4, 8.8Hz), 7.21-7.27(2H, m), 7.32(1H, dd, J=1.4, 8.8Hz), 8.46(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 54 1.33(3H, dd, J=5.9, 29.8Hz), 2.31-2.46(1H, br), 2.61-2.84(1H, br), 3.18-3.26(2H, m), 3.44-3.50(2H, m) 4.01-4.22(2H, m), 4.74(1H, t, J=5.3Hz), 4.76-4.85(1H, br), 4.96-5.06(1H, m), 6.51(1H, s), 6.70-6.77(1H, m)6.86(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 7.01-7.08(1H, m), 7.19(2H, dd, J=2.9, 8.8Hz), 7.25(1H, d, J=2.9Hz), 7.66(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 8.46(1H, t, J=5.9Hz). 55 1.32(3H, dd, J=5.9, 29.8Hz), 2.32-2.46(1H, br), 2.61-2.84(1H, br), 3.03-3.27(2H, m), 3.44-3.51(2H, m), 4.02-4.22(2H, m), 4.74(1H, t, J=5.3Hz), 4.76-4.85(1H, br), 4.87-5.06(1H, m), 6.52(1H, s), 6.70-6.78(1H, m), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 7.00-7.08(1H, m), 7.19(2H, dd, J=2.9, 8.8Hz), 7.24(1H, d, J=2.9Hz), 7.67(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 8.47(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 56 1.69(3H, t, J=19.6Hz), 2.31-2.46(1H, br), 2.61-2.83(1H, br), 3.05-3.27(3H, m), 3.43-3.50(2H, m), 4.34(2H, t, J=12.7Hz), 4.68-4.86(2H, m), 6.50(1H, s), 6.73-6.78(1H, m), 6.89(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 7.01-7.13(2H, m), 7.20(1H, dd, J=2.9, 8.8Hz), 7.31(1H, d, J=2.9Hz), 8.43(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 84 0.97(3H, t, J=7.3Hz), 1.61-1.72(2H, m), 2.31-2.47(1H, br), 2.65-2.81(1H, br), 2.99-3.17(3H, m), 3.32-3.40(2H, m), 3.52-3.61(1H, m), 3.90(2H, t, J=7.3Hz), 4.54(1H, t, J=5.9Hz), 4.75-4.87(2H, m), 6.40(1H, s), 6.71(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.85(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.95(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.12-7.19(2H, m), 7.24(1H, t, J=8.8Hz), 7.34(1H, dd, J=1.4, 8.8Hz), 8.45(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 85 0.98(3H, t, J=7.3Hz), 1.61-1.71(2H, m), 2.30-2.46(1H, br), 2.65-2.80(1H, br), 2.99-3.20(3H, m), 3.32-3.39(2H, m), 3.51-3.62(1H, m), 3.90(2H, t, J=7.3Hz), 4.54(1H, t, J=5.9Hz), 4.76-4.90(2H, m), 6.40(1H, s), 6.71(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.86(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.94(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.12-7.19(2H, m), 7.24(1H, t, J=8.8Hz), 7.34(1H, dd, J=1.4, 8.8Hz), 8.45(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 86 0.93(3H, t, J=6.8Hz), 1.61-1.72(2H, m), 2.31-2.46(1H, br), 2.61-2.83(1H, br), 3.00-3.21(3H, m), 3.31-3.39(2H, m), 3.52-3.63(1H, m), 3.92(2H, t, J=6.8Hz), 4.56(1H, t, J=5.9Hz), 4.52-4.86(2H, m), 6.53(1H, s), 6.71-6.77(1H, m), 6.85(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.99(1H, dd, J=2.0, 8.8Hz), 7.04(1H, dt, J=2.0, 8.8Hz), 7.17(1H, d, J=2.0Hz), 7.21(1H, dd, J=2.0, 8.8Hz), 8.42(1H, t, J=5.3Hz). 129 1.32(3H, dd, J=6.3, 23.4Hz), 2.34-2.46(1H, br), 2.55-2.83(1H, br), 3.20-3.32(3H, m), 3.35-3.40(2H, m), 3.52-3.60(1H, m), 4.00-4.20(2H, m), 4.50-4.59(1H, m), 4.73-5.05(3H, m), 6.39(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.98(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.15(1H, dt, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.19-7.27(2H, m), 7.34(1H, dd, J=1.4, 8.8Hz), 8.47(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 130 1.31(3H, dd, J=6.3, 23.4Hz), 2.26-2.47(1H, br), 2.62-2.84(1H, br), 3.00-3.23(3H, m), 3.32-3.38(2H, m), 3.53-3.62(1H, m), 4.00-4.20(2H, m), 4.45(1H, t, J=5.4Hz), 4.76-5.05(3H, m), 6.40(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=7.8Hz), 6.88(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.99(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.15(1H, dt, J=1.4, 7.8Hz), 7.20-7.28(2H, m), 7.34(1H, dd, J=1.4, 7.8Hz), 8.47(1H, t, J=5.9Hz). 132 1.31(3H, dd, J=6.4, 23.4Hz), 2.30-2.46(1H, br), 2.54-2.80(1H, br), 3.00-3.32(3H, m), 3.34-3.40(2H, m), 3.52-3.61(1H, m), 4.00-4.20(2H, m), 4.51-4.60(1H, m), 4.72-5.05(3H, m), 6.40(1H, s), 6.72(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 6.99(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.15(1H, dd, J=2.5, 8.8Hz), 7.19-7.29(2H, m), 7.31-7.36(1H, m), 8.46(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 133 1.33(3H, dd, J=6.3, 23.9Hz), 2.27-2.46(3H, m), 2.60-2.84(1H, br), 3.22-3.34(1H, br), 3.34-3.40(2H, m), 4.00-4.22(2H, m), 4.70-5.06(2H, m), 6.44(1H, s), 6.71-6.76(1H, m), 6.81-6.89(2H, m), 7.01-7.07(2H, m), 7.19(1H, dd, J=2.9, 8.8Hz), 7.24(1H, d, J=2.9Hz, 7.33-7.38(1H, br), 8.45-8.52(1H, br). 134 1.33(3H, dd, J=6.4, 29.8Hz), 2.26-2.46(3H, m), 2.64-2.87(1H, br), 3.00-3.23(1H, br), 3.27-3.42(2H, m), 4.01-4.22(2H, m), 4.66-5.07(2H, m), 6.49(1H, s), 6.71-6.78(1H, m), 6.87(2H, d, J=8.8Hz), 7.00-7.08(2H, m), 7.19(1H, dd, J=2.9, 8.8Hz), 7.24(1H, d, J=2.9Hz, 7.33-7.39(1H, br), 8.50(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 135 1.32(3H, dd, J=6.3, 23.9Hz), 2.32-2.46(1H, br), 2.63-2.84(1H, br), 3.00-3.24(3H, m), 3.33-3.40(2H, m), 3.52-3.61(1H, m), 4.01-4.21(2H, m), 4.57(1H, t, J=5.3Hz), 4.73-5.06(3H, m), 6.52-1H, s), 6.72-6.78(1H, m), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.8Hz), 7.00-7.08(2H, m), 7.18-7.26(2H, m), 8.38-8.48(1H, m). 136 1.33(3H, dd, J=6.3, 13.4Hz), 2.34-2.47(1H, br), 2.56-2.82(1H, br), 3.01-3.32(3H, m), 3.33-3.39(2H, m), 3.52-3.61(1H, m), 4.02-4.22(2H, m), 4.57(1H, t, J=5.4Hz), 4.75-4.85(2H, m), 4.87-5.07(1H, m), 6.51(1H, s), 6.71-6.77(1H, m), 6.87(1H, d, J=8.3Hz), 7.01-7.08(2H, m), 7.19-7.25(2H, m), 8.43(1H, t, J=5.4Hz). 140 1.69(3H, t, J=19.3Hz), 2.26-2.47(3H, m)2.62-2.83(1H, br), 3.05-3.22(1H, br), 3.25-3.44(2H, m), 4.34(2H, t, J=12.4Hz), 4.68-4.92(1H, br), 6.48(1H, s), 6.72-6.77(1H, m), 6.83-6.95(2H, m), 7.01-7.13(2H, m), 7.19(1H, dd, J=2.9, 8.8Hz), 7.30(1H, d, J=2.9Hz), 7.34-7.40(1H, br), 8.50(1H, t, J=5.3Hz).

In the following, structures of other compounds of the invention are shown in Tables 20 to 36. These are synthesized or can be synthesized by using the aforementioned production methods or the methods described in Examples, or methods obvious to those skilled in the art or modified methods thereof.

In this connection, signs in the tables represent the following meanings.

No: compound number.

R^(1A), -A^(A)-B^(A), X, Y: substituent groups in respective general formulae,

iPr: isopropyl, tBu: tert-butyl, cBu: cyclobutyl, nPen: normal pentyl, cPen: cyclopentyl,

iAm: isoamyl, nHex: normal hexyl, pyrr: pyrrolidin-1-yl, pipe: piperidin-1-yl, pipa: piperazin-1-yl, mor: morpholin-4-yl, Ac: acetyl, Ms: methanesulfonyl, cyano: cyano. TABLE 20

No R^(1A) —A^(A)-B^(A) A1 Gly —O-Me A2 Gly —O-Et A3 Etha —O-Et A4 Car —O-Et A5 Etha —O-iPr A6 Car —O-nBu A7 Car —O-iBu A8 Gly —O-tBu A9 Gly —O-iAm A10 Gly —O-nPen A11 Etha —O-nHex A12 Gly —O-cPen A13 Gly —O-Ph A14 Car —O-Ph A15 Gly —O—CH₂CF₃ A16 Gly —O—CH₂CHF₂ A17 Gly —O—CH₂CH≡CH A18 Gly —O—(CH₂)₂CH≡CH A19 Gly —O—(CH₂)₂OMe A20 Car —O—CH₂cPr A21 Gly —O—CH₂cBu A22 Car —O—CH₂cBu A23 Gly —O—CH₂tBu A24 Etha —O—CH₂tBu A25 Gly —O—CH₂CONH₂ A27 Gly —O—CH₂CONHMe A28 Gly —O—(CH₂)₂-cyano A29 Etha —O—(CH₂)₂-cyano A30 Car —O—(CH₂)₂-cyano A31 Etha —O—CH₂CH(Me)OMe A32 Etha —O—CH₂CH(Me)OMe A33 Car —O—CH₂CH(Me)OMe A34 Etha —O—CH₂CF₂CF₃ A35 Car —O—CH₂CF₂CF₃ A36 Etha —O—CH₂CF₂CHF₂ A37 Car —O—CH₂CF₂CHF₂ A38 Gly —O—(CH₂)₂OH A39 Etha —O—(CH₂)₂OH A40 Car —O—(CH₂)₂OH A41 Gly —O—CH₂CO₂H A42 Etha —O—CH₂CO₂H A43 Car —O—CH₂CO₂H A44 Etha —N(Me)-iBu A45 Car —N(Me)-iBu A46 Etha —S-Et A47 Car —S-Et A48 Gly —S-iPr A49 Etha —S-iPr A50 Car —S-iPr A51 Gly —N(Me)—CH₂CH₂OMe A52 Etha —N(Me)—CH₂CH₂OMe A53 Car —N(Me)—CH₂CH₂OMe A55 Gly —N(Me)-nBu A56 Etha —N(Me)-nBu A57 Car —N(Me)-nBu A58 Etha —N(nPr)-nPr

TABLE 21

No R^(1A) —A^(A)-B^(A) A59 —NHCH₂CH(S—OH)CH₂OH (S)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃ A60 —NHCH₂CH(S—OH)CH₂OH (R)—O—CH₂CHFCH₃

TABLE 22

No R^(1A) —A^(A)-B^(A) A61 Gly —O-Et A62 Car —O-nPr A63 Gly —O-iPr A64 Etha —O-nBu

TABLE 23

No R^(1A) —X— Y —A^(A)-B^(A) B1 Gly —N═C— N —O-nPr B2 Etha —N═C— N —O-nPr B3 Car —N═C— N —O-nPr B4 Gly —N═C— N —O-iBu B5 Etha —N═C— N —O-iBu B6 Car —N═C— N —O-iBu B7 Gly —N═C— N —S-nPr B8 Etha —N═C— N —S-nPr B9 Car —N═C— N —S-nPr B10 Gly —N═C— N —N(Me)-nPr B11 Etha —N═C— N —N(Me)-nPr B12 Car —N═C— N —N(Me)-nPr B13 Gly —N═N— CH —O-nPr B14 Etha —N═N— CH —O-nPr B15 Car —N═N— CH —O-nPr B16 Gly —N═N— CH —O-iBu B17 Etha —N═N— CH —O-iBu B18 Car —N═N— CH —O-iBu B19 Gly —N═N— CH —S-nPr B20 Etha —N═N— CH —S-nPr B21 Car —N═N— CH —S-nPr B22 Gly —N═N— CH —N(Me)-nPr B23 Etha —N═N— CH —N(Me)-nPr B24 Car —N═N— CH —N(Me)-nPr B25 Gly —S— N —O-nPr B26 Etha —S— N —O-nPr B27 Car —S— N —O-nPr B28 Gly —S— N —O-iBu B29 Etha —S— N —O-iBu B30 Car —S— N —O-iBu B31 Gly —S— N —S-nPr B32 Etha —S— N —S-nPr B33 Car —S— N —S-nPr B34 Gly —S— N —N(Me)-nPr B35 Etha —S— N —N(Me)-nPr

TABLE 24

No R^(1A) —X— Y —A^(A)-B^(A) B36 Car —S— N —N(Me)-nPr B37 Gly —N═C— CH —O-nPr B38 Etha —N═C— CH —O-nPr B39 Car —N═C— CH —O-nPr B40 Gly —N═C— CH —O-iBu B41 Etha —N═C— CH —O-iBu B42 Car —N═C— CH —O-iBu B43 Gly —N═C— CH —S-nPr B44 Etha —N═C— CH —S-nPr B45 Car —N═C— CH —S-nPr B46 Gly —N═C— CH —N(Me)-nPr B47 Etha —N═C— CH —N(Me)-nPr B48 Car —N═C— CH —N(Me)-nPr

TABLE 25

No R^(1A) —X— Y —A^(A)-B^(A) B49 Etha —C═C— N —O-nPr B50 Gly —C═C— N —O-iBu B51 Etha —C═C— N —O-iBu B52 Car —C═C— N —O-iBu B53 Gly —C═C— N —S-nPr B54 Etha —C═C— N —S-nPr B55 Car —C═C— N —S-nPr B56 Gly —C═C— N —N(Me)-nPr B57 Etha —C═C— N —N(Me)-nPr B58 Car —C═C— N —N(Me)-nPr B59 Gly —S— CH —O-nPr B60 Etha —S— CH —O-nPr B61 Car —S— CH —O-nPr B62 Gly —S— CH —O-iBu B63 Etha —S— CH —O-iBu B64 Car —S— CH —O-iBu B65 Gly —S— CH —S-nPr B66 Etha —S— CH —S-nPr B67 Car —S— CH —S-nPr

TABLE 26

No R^(1A) X Y —A^(A)-B^(A) B68 Gly N S —N(Me)-nPr B69 Etha N S —N(Me)-nPr B70 Car N S —N(Me)-nPr

TABLE 27

No R^(1A) —A^(A)-B^(A) C1 Gly —O-iBu C2 Etha —O-iBu C3 Car —O-iBu C4 Gly —O-nBu C5 Etha —O-nBu C6 Car —O-nBu C7 Gly —S-nPr C8 Etha —S-nPr C9 Car —S-nPr C10 Gly —S-iPr C11 Etha —S-iPr C12 Car —S-iPr C13 Gly —S-Et C14 Etha —S-Et C15 Car —S-Et C16 Gly —N(Me)-nPr C17 Etha —N(Me)-nPr C18 Car —N(Me)-nPr

TABLE 28

No R^(1A) —A^(A)-B^(A) C19 Gly —O-nPr C20 Etha —O-nPr C21 Car —O-nPr C22 Gly —O-iBu C23 Etha —O-iBu C24 Car —O-iBu C25 Gly —O-nBu C26 Etha —O-nBu C27 Car —O-nBu C28 Gly —S-nPr C29 Etha —S-nPr C30 Car —S-nPr C31 Gly —S-iPr C32 Etha —S-iPr C33 Car —S-iPr C34 Gly —S-Et C35 Etha —S-Et C36 Car —S-Et C37 Gly —N(Me)-nPr C38 Etha —N(Me)-nPr C39 Car —N(Me)-nPr

TABLE 29

No R^(1A) —A^(A)-B^(A) C40 Gly —O-iBu C41 Etha —O-iBu C42 Car —O-iBu C43 Gly —O-nBu C44 Etha —O-nBu C45 Car —O-nBu C46 Gly —S-nPr C47 Etha —S-nPr C48 Car —S-nPr C49 Gly —S-iPr C50 Etha —S-iPr C51 Car —S-iPr C54 Gly —S-Et C55 Etha —S-Et C56 Car —S-Et C57 Gly —N(Me)-nPr C58 Etha —N(Me)-nPr C59 Car —N(Me)-nPr

TABLE 30

No R^(1A) —A^(A)-B^(A) C60 Etha —O-nPr C61 Gly —O-iBu C62 Etha —O-iBu C63 Car —O-iBu C64 Gly —O-nBu C65 Etha —O-nBu C66 Car —O-nBu C67 Gly —S-nPr C68 Etha —S-nPr C69 Car —S-nPr C70 Gly —S-iPr C71 Etha —S-iPr C72 Car —S-iPr C73 Gly —S-Et C74 Etha —S-Et C75 Car —S-Et C76 Gly —N(Me)-nPr C77 Etha —N(Me)-nPr C78 Car —N(Me)-nPr

TABLE 31

No R^(1A) D1 NHCH₂-(2-Py) D2 NHPh D3 NHCH₂Ph D4 NHCH₂-(2-HO-Ph) D5 NHCH₂-(3-HO-Ph) D6 NHCH₂-(4-HO-Ph) D7 NHCH₂-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) D8 NHCH₂-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) D9 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) D10 NH-(2-HO-Ph) D11 NH-(3-HO-Ph) D12 NH-(4-HO-Ph) D13 NH-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) D14 NH-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) D15 NH-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) D16 NH-(CH₂)₂OMe D17 NH-(CH₂)₃OH D18 N(CH₂CH₂OH)₂ D19 NHCH₂CH(CH₂OH)OH D20 N(Me)CH₂CH₂OH D21 3-HO-pyrr D22 3-HO-pipe D23 4-HO-pipe D24 NHCH₂CONHMe D25 NHCH₂CONMe₂ D26 N(Me)CH₂CONH₂ D27 N(Me)CH₂CONHMe D28 N(Me)CH₂CONMe₂ D29 NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ D30 N(CH₂CONH₂)₂ D31 NHCH(CONH₂)CH₂OH D32 3-H₂NOC-pipe D33 4-H₂NOC-pipe D34 NHCH₂CO-pyrr D35 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pyrr) D36 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pipe) D37 NHCH₂CO-(4-HO-pipe) D38 NH-(3-Ac-Ph) D39 NH-(3-MeHNOC-Ph) D40 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NO₂S-Ph) D41 NH-(3-Ms-Ph) D42 NHCH₂CO-mor D43 NHCH₂-(6-HO-2-Py) D44 NHCH₂-(6-MeO-2-Py) D45 NHCH₂-(6-H₂NOC-2-Py) D46 NHCH₂-(6-cyano-2-Py) D47 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂NOC-2-Py) D48 NHCH₂-(6-H₂N-2-Py) D49 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂N-2-Py) D50 NHCH₂-(6-F-2-Py) D51 NHCH₂-(6-Cl-2-Py) D52 NHCH₂-(6-Me-2-Py) D53 NHCH₂-(pyrazol-2-yl) D54 NHCH₂-(pyridazine-2-yl) D55 NHCH₂-(pyrimidine-2-yl) D56 N(CH₂CONH₂)((CH₂)₂OH) D57 NHCH(Me)CH₂OH D58 NHCH₂CH(Me)OH D59 NHC(Me)₂CH₂OH D60 NHCH₂C(Me)₂OH D61 3-oxo-pipa D62 NHCH₂CO-(3-H₂NOC-pipe) D63 NHCH₂CO-(4-H₂NOC-pipe) D64 NHCH(CH₂OH)₂

TABLE 32

No R^(1A) E1 NHCH₂Ph E2 NHCH₂-(2-HO-Ph) E3 NHCH₂-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) E4 NHCH₂-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) E5 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) E6 N(Me)CH₂CH₂OH E7 4-HO-pipe E8 N(Me)CH₂CONH₂ E9 N(Me)CH₂CONHMe E10 N(Me)CH₂CONMe₂ E11 NHCH(CONH₂)CH₂OH E12 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pipe) E13 NH-(3-Ac-Ph) E14 NH-(3-MeHNOC-Ph) E15 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NO₂S-Ph) E16 NH-(3-Ms-Ph) E17 NHCH₂CO-mor E18 NHCH₂-(6-HO-2-Py) E19 NHCH₂-(6-MeO-2-Py) E20 NHCH₂-(6-H₂NOC-2-Py) E21 NHCH₂-(6-cyano-2-Py) E22 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂NOC-2-Py) E23 NHCH₂-(6-H₂N-2-Py) E24 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂N-2-Py) E25 NHCH₂-(6-F-2-Py) E26 NHCH₂-(6-Cl-2-Py) E27 NHCH₂-(6-Me-2-Py) E28 NHCH₂-(pyrazol-2-yl) E29 NHCH₂-(pyridazine-2-yl) E30 NHCH₂-(pyrimidine-2-yl) E31 N(CH₂CONH₂)((CH₂)₂OH) E32 NHCH(Me)CH₂OH E33 NHCH₂CH(Me)OH E34 NHCH₂C(Me)₂OH E35 NHCH₂CO-(3-H₂NOC-pipe) E36 NHCH₂CO-(4-H₂NOC-pipe) E37 NHCH(CH₂OH)₂

TABLE 33

No R^(1A) F1 NHCH₂-(2-Py) F2 NHPh F3 NHCH₂Ph F4 NHCH₂-(2-HO-Ph) F5 NHCH₂-(3-HO-Ph) F6 NHCH₂-(4-HO-Ph) F7 NHCH₂-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) F8 NHCH₂-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) F9 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) F10 NH-(2-HO-Ph) F11 NH-(3-HO-Ph) F12 NH-(4-HO-Ph) F13 NH-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) F14 NH-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) F15 NH-(F-H₂NOC-Ph) F16 NH-(CH₂)₂OMe F17 NH-(CH₂)₃OH F18 N(CH₂CH₂OH)₂ F19 NHCH₂CH(CH₂OH)OH F20 N(Me)CH₂CH₂OH F21 3-HO-pyrr F22 3-HO-pipe F23 4-HO-pipe F24 NHCH₂CONHMe F25 NHCH₂CONME₂ F26 N(Me)CH₂CONH₂ F27 N(Me)CH₂CONHMe F28 N(Me)CH₂CONMe₂ F29 NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ F30 N(CH₂CONH₂)₂ F31 NHCH(CONH₂)CH₂OH F32 3-H₂NOC-pipe F33 4-H₂NOC-pipe F34 NHCH₂CO-pyrr F35 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pyrr) F36 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pipe) F37 NHCH₂CO-(4-HO-pipe) F38 NH-(3-Ac-Ph) F39 NH-(3-MeHNOC-Ph) F40 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NO₂S-Ph) F41 NH-(3-Ms-Ph) F42 NHCH₂CO-mor F43 NHCH₂-(6-HO-2-Py) F44 NHCH₂-(6-MeO-2-Py) F45 NHCH₂-(6-H₂NOC-2-Py) F46 NHCH₂-(6-cyano-2-Py) F47 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂NOC-2-Py) F48 NHCH₂-(6-H₂N-2-Py) F49 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂N-2-Py) F50 NHCH₂-(6-F-2-Py) F51 NHCH₂-(6-Cl-2-Py) F52 NHCH₂-(6-Me-2-Py) F53 NHCH₂-(pyrazol-2-yl) F54 NHCH₂-(pyridazine-2-yl) F55 NHCH₂-(pyrimidine-2-yl) F56 N(CH₂CONH₂)((CH₂)₂OH) F57 NHCH(Me)CH₂OH F58 NHCH₂CH(Me)OH F59 NHC(Me)₂CH₂OH F60 NHCH₂C(Me)₂OH F61 3-oxo-pipa F62 NHCH₂CO-(3-H₂NOC-pipe) F63 NHCH₂CO-(4-H₂NOC-pipe) F64 NHCH(CH₂OH)₂

TABLE 34

No R^(1A) G1 NHCH₂-(2-Py) G2 NHPh G3 NHCH₂Ph G4 NHCH₂-(2-HO-Ph) G5 NHCH₂-(3-HO-Ph) G6 NHCH₂-(4-HO-Ph) G7 NHCH₂-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) G8 NHCH₂-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) G9 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) G10 NH-(2-HO-Ph) G11 NH-(3-HO-Ph) G12 NH-(4-HO-Ph) G13 NH-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) G14 NH-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) G15 NH—(CH₂)₂OMe G16 NH—(CH₂)₃OH G17 N(CH₂CH₂OH)₂ G18 NHCH₂CH(CH₂OH)OH G19 N(Me)CH₂CH₂OH G20 3-HO-pyrr G21 3-HO-pipe G22 4-HO-pipe G23 NHCH₂CONHMe G24 NHCH₂CONMe₂ G25 N(Me)CH₂CONH₂ G26 N(Me)CH₂CONHMe G27 N(Me)CH₂CONMe₂ G28 N(CH₂CONH₂)₂ G29 NHCH(CONH₂)CH₂OH G30 3-H₂NOC-pipe G31 4-H₂NOC-pipe G32 NHCH₂CO-pyrr G33 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pyrr) G34 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pipe) G35 NHCH₂CO-(4-HO-pipe) G36 NH-(3-Ac-Ph) G37 NH-(3-MeHNOC-Ph) G38 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NO₂S-Ph) G39 NH-(3-Ms-Ph) G40 NHCH₂CO-mor G41 NHCH₂-(6-HO-2-Py) G42 NHCH₂-(6-MeO-2-Py) G43 NHCH₂-(6-H₂NOC-2-Py) G44 NHCH₂-(6-cyano-2-Py) G45 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂NOC-2-Py) G46 NHCH₂-(6-H₂N-2-Py) G47 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂N-2-Py) G48 NHCH₂-(6-F-2-Py) G49 NHCH₂-(6-Cl-2-Py) G50 NHCH₂-(6-Me-2-Py) G51 NHCH₂-(pyrazol-2-yl) G52 NHCH₂-(pyridazine-2-yl) G53 NHCH₂-(pyrimidine-2-yl) G54 N(CH₂CONH₂)((CH₂)₂OH) G55 NHCH(Me)CH₂OH G56 NHCH₂CH(Me)OH G57 NHC(Me)₂CH₂OH G58 NHCH₂C(Me)₂OH G59 3-oxo-pipa G60 NHCH₂CO-(3-H₂NOC-pipe) G61 NHCH₂CO-(4-H₂NOC-pipe) G62 NHCH(CH₂OH)₂

TABLE 35

No R^(1A) H1 NHCH₂-(2-Py) H2 NHPh H3 NHCH₂Ph H4 NHCH₂-(2-HO-Ph) H5 NHCH₂-(3-HO-Ph) H6 NHCH₂-(4-HO-Ph) H7 NHCH₂-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) H8 NHCH₂-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) H9 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) H10 NH-(2-HO-Ph) H11 NH-(3-HO-Ph) H12 NH-(4-HO-Ph) H13 NH-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) H14 NH-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) H15 NH-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) H16 NH—(CH₂)₂OMe H17 NH—(CH₂)₃OH H18 N(CH₂CH₂OH)₂ H19 NHCH₂CH(CH₂OH)OH H20 N(Me)CH₂CH₂OH H21 3-HO-pyrr H22 3-HO-pipe H23 4-HO-pipe H24 NHCH₂CONHMe H25 NHCH₂CONMe₂ H26 N(Me)CH₂CONH₂ H27 N(Me)CH₂CONHMe H28 N(Me)CH₂CONMe₂ H29 NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ H30 N(CH₂CONH₂)₂ H31 NHCH(CONH₂)CH₂OH H32 3-H₂NOC-pipe H33 4-H₂NOC-pipe H34 NHCH₂CO-pyrr H35 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pyrr) H36 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pipe) H37 NHCH₂CO-(4-HO-pipe) H38 NH-(3-Ac-Ph) H39 NH-(3-MeHNOC-Ph) H40 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NO₂S-Ph) H41 NH-(3-Ms-Ph) H42 NHCH₂CO-mor H43 NHCH₂-(6-HO-2-Py) H44 NHCH₂-(6-MeO-2-Py) H45 NHCH₂-(6-H₂NOC-2-Py) H46 NHCH₂-(6-cyano-2-Py) H47 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂NOC-2-Py) H48 NHCH₂-(6-H₂N-2-Py) H49 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂N-2-Py) H50 NHCH₂-(6-F-2-Py) H51 NHCH₂-(6-Cl-2-Py) H52 NHCH₂-(6-Me-2-Py) H53 NHCH₂-(pyrazol-2-yl) H54 NHCH₂-(pyridazine-2-yl) H55 NHCH₂-(pyrimidine-2-yl) H56 N(CH₂CONH₂)((CH₂)₂OH) H57 NHCH(Me)CH₂OH H58 NHCH₂CH(Me)OH H59 NHC(Me)₂CH₂OH H60 NHCH₂C(Me)₂OH H61 3-oxo-pipa H62 NHCH₂CO-(3-H₂NOC-pipe) H63 NHCH₂CO-(4-H₂NOC-pipe) H64 NHCH(CH₂OH)₂

TABLE 36

No R^(1A) H1 NHCH₂-(2-Py) I2 NHPh I3 NHCH₂Ph I4 NHCH₂-(2-HO-Ph) I5 NHCH₂-(3-HO-Ph) I6 NHCH₂-(4-HO-Ph) I7 NHCH₂-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) I8 NHCH₂-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) I9 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) I10 NH-(2-HO-Ph) I11 NH-(3-HO-Ph) I12 NH-(4-HO-Ph) I13 NH-(2-H₂NOC-Ph) I14 NH-(3-H₂NOC-Ph) I15 NH-(4-H₂NOC-Ph) I16 NH—(CH₂)₂OMe I17 NH—(CH₂)₃OH I18 N(CH₂CH₂OH)₂ I19 NHCH₂CH(CH₂OH)OH I20 N(Me)CH₂CH₂OH I21 3-HO-pyrr I22 3-HO-pipe I23 4-HO-pipe I24 NHCH₂CONHMe I25 NHCH₂CONMe₂ I26 N(Me)CH₂CONH₂ I27 N(Me)CH₂CONHMe I28 N(Me)CH₂CONMe₂ I29 NH(CH₂)₂CONH₂ I30 N(CH₂CONH₂)₂ I31 NHCH(CONH₂)CH₂OH I32 3-H₂NOC-pipe I33 4-H₂NOC-pipe I34 NHCH₂CO-pyrr I35 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pyrr) I36 NHCH₂CO-(3-HO-pipe) I37 NHCH₂CO-(4-HO-pipe) I38 NH-(3-Ac-Ph) I39 NH-(3-MeHNOC-Ph) I40 NHCH₂-(4-H₂NO₂S-Ph) I41 NH-(3-Ms-Ph) I42 NHCH₂CO-mor I43 NHCH₂-(6-HO-2-Py) I44 NHCH₂-(6-MeO-2-Py) I45 NHCH₂-(6-H₂NOC-2-Py) I46 NHCH₂-(6-cyano-2-Py) I47 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂NOC-2-Py) I48 NHCH₂-(6-H₂N-2-Py) I49 NHCH₂-(6-Me₂N-2-Py) I50 NHCH₂-(6-F-2-Py) I51 NHCH₂-(6-Cl-2-Py) I52 NHCH₂-(6-Me-2-Py) I53 NHCH₂-(pyrazol-2-yl) I54 NHCH₂-(pyridazine-2-yl) I55 NHCH₂-(pyrimidine-2-yl) I56 N(CH₂CONH₂)((CH₂)₂OH) I57 NHCH(Me)CH₂OH I58 NHCH₂CH(Me)OH I59 NHC(Me)₂CH₂OH I60 NHCH₂C(Me)₂OH I61 3-oxo-pipa I62 NHCH₂CO-(3-H₂NOC-pipe) I63 NHCH₂CO-(4-H₂NOC-pipe) I64 NHCH(CH₂OH)₂ 

1-12. (canceled)
 13. A method of agonizing an arginine vasopressin V₂ receptor, comprising contacting an arginine vasopressin V₂ receptor with a pharmaceutical composition comprising a carrier and a 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine compound represented by a formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: R¹: amino which may be substituted, —OH or —O-lower alkyl, R²: CF₃ or halogen, R³: H or halogen, a, b: each represents single bond or double bond, wherein one is single bond and the other is double bond, —X—: (1) —CH═CH—, —CH═N—, —N═CH—, —N═N— or —S— when a is single bond and b is double bond, (2) —N— when a is double bond and b is single bond, Y: (1) CH or N when a is single bond and b is double bond, (2) S when a is double bond and b is single bond, -A-: —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(lower alkyl), and B: lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, each of which may be substituted.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein R¹ is a group represented by a formula (II), a formula (III), —OH or —O-lower alkyl

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: Z¹: single bond, lower alkylene or -lower alkylene-C(═O)—, R¹¹: lower alkyl which may be substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl and carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, or —H, R¹²: (1) when Z¹ represents single bond or lower alkylene, —H, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, aryl which may be substituted, cycloalkyl which may be substituted, aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, (2) when Z¹ represents -lower alkylene-C(═O)—, a group represented by the formula (III) or a formula (IV)

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: Z²: single bond or lower alkylene, and R¹⁵: —H, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, aryl which may be substituted, cycloalkyl which may be substituted, aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, R¹³, R¹⁴: together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, non-aromatic cyclic amino group.
 15. The method of claim 14, wherein R¹ is a group represented by formula (II) or formula (III).
 16. The method of claim 15, wherein a is single bond, b is double bond, —X— is —CH═CH—, and —Y— is —CH—.
 17. The method of claim 16, wherein R¹ is a group represented by formula (II).
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein -A- is —O—.
 19. The method of claim 18, wherein —B is a lower alkyl which may be substituted.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein R² is trifluoromethyl, and R³ is —H or —F.
 21. The method of claim 13, wherein the composition comprises (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4,7-trifluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4,7-trifluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, or (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 22. A method of treating nocturia, comprising administering to a patient having nocturia a pharmaceutical composition comprising a carrier and a 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine compound represented by a formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: R¹: amino which may be substituted, —OH or —O-lower alkyl, R²: CF₃ or halogen, R³: H or halogen, a, b: each represents single bond or double bond, wherein one is single bond and the other is double bond, —X—: (1) —CH═CH—, —CH═N—, —N═CH—, —N═N— or —S— when a is single bond and b is double bond, (2) —N— when a is double bond and b is single bond, Y: (1) CH or N when a is single bond and b is double bond, (2) S when a is double bond and b is single bond, -A-: —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(lower alkyl), and B: lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, each of which may be substituted.
 23. The method of claim 22, wherein R¹ is a group represented by a formula (II), a formula (III), —OH or —O-lower alkyl

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: Z¹: single bond, lower alkylene or -lower alkylene-C(═O)—, R¹¹: lower alkyl which may be substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl and carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, or —H, R¹²: 1) when Z¹ represents single bond or lower alkylene, —H, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, aryl which may be substituted, cycloalkyl which may be substituted, aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, (2) when Z¹ represents -lower alkylene-C(═O)—, a group represented by the formula (III) or a formula (IV)

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: Z²: single bond or lower alkylene, and R¹⁵: —H, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, aryl which may be substituted, cycloalkyl which may be substituted, aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, R¹³, R¹⁴: together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, non-aromatic cyclic amino group.
 24. The method of claim 23, wherein R¹ is a group represented by formula (II) or formula (III).
 25. The method of claim 24, wherein a is single bond, b is double bond, —X— is —CH═CH—, and —Y— is —CH—.
 26. The method of claim 25, wherein R¹ is a group represented by formula (II).
 27. The method of claim 26, wherein -A- is —O—.
 28. The method of claim 27, wherein —B is a lower alkyl which may be substituted.
 29. The method of claim 28, wherein R² is trifluoromethyl, and R³ is —H or —F.
 30. The method of claim 22, wherein the composition comprises (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-yl idene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4,7-trifluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-yl idene}-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4,7-trifluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, or (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
 31. A method of treating central diabetes insipidus, comprising administering to a patient having central diabetes insipidus a pharmaceutical composition comprising a carrier and a 4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepine compound represented by a formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: R¹: amino which may be substituted, —OH or —O-lower alkyl, R²: CF₃ or halogen, R³: H or halogen, a, b: each represents single bond or double bond, wherein one is single bond and the other is double bond, —X—: (1) —CH═CH—, —CH═N—, —N═CH—, —N═N— or —S— when a is single bond and b is double bond, (2) —N— when a is double bond and b is single bond, Y: (1) CH or N when a is single bond and b is double bond, (2) S when a is double bond and b is single bond, -A-: —O—, —S—, —NH— or —N(lower alkyl), and B: lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, each of which may be substituted.
 32. The method of claim 31, wherein R¹ is a group represented by a formula (II), a formula (III), —OH or —O-lower alkyl

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: Z¹: single bond, lower alkylene or -lower alkylene-C(═O)—, R¹¹: lower alkyl which may be substituted with a group selected from the group consisting of —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl and carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, or —H, R¹²: (1) when Z¹ represents single bond or lower alkylene, —H, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, aryl which may be substituted, cycloalkyl which may be substituted, aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, (2) when Z¹ represents -lower alkylene-C(═O)—, a group represented by the formula (III) or a formula (IV)

wherein the symbols have the following meanings: Z²: single bond or lower alkylene, and R¹⁵: —H, —OH, —O-lower alkyl, —CO₂H, —CO₂-lower alkyl, carbamoyl which may be substituted with one or two lower alkyls, aryl which may be substituted, cycloalkyl which may be substituted, aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted or non-aromatic hetero ring which may be substituted, R¹³, R¹⁴: together with the adjacent nitrogen atom, non-aromatic cyclic amino group.
 33. The method of claim 32, wherein R¹ is a group represented by formula (II) or formula (III).
 34. The method of claim 33, wherein a is single bond, b is double bond, —X— is —CH═CH—, and —Y— is —CH—.
 35. The method of claim 34, wherein R¹ is a group represented by formula (II).
 36. The method of claim 35, wherein -A- is —O—.
 37. The method of claim 36, wherein —B is a lower alkyl which may be substituted.
 38. The method of claim 37, wherein R² is trifluoromethyl, and R³ is —H or —F.
 39. The method of claim 31, wherein the composition comprises (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-N-(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4,7-trifluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-{[(2R)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]-2-{4,4,7-trifluoro-1-[4-{[(2S)-2-fluoropropyl]oxy}-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetamide, 3-[((2Z)-2-{1-[4-(2,2-difluoropropoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-4,4,7-trifluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}acetyl)amino]propanamide, (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2R)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, or (2Z)-2-{4,4-difluoro-1-[4-propoxy-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene}-N-[(2S)-2,3-dihydroxypropyl]acetamide, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 